首页|彝缅语祈使语气助词的类型学特征

彝缅语祈使语气助词的类型学特征

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文章通过对15种彝缅语的考察与比较,发现几乎所有的彝缅语都存在祈使语气助词,但不同语言既有共性也有差异.从表义功能看,彝缅语祈使语气助词可分为单功能和多功能两种类型.多功能性的祈使语气助词在缅语支语言中更常见,但表人称、数、方向等功能已出现衰退趋势.从词源关系看,彝缅语的祈使语气助词少数有同源关系,但多数是分化后在不同语言中各自产生的.将彝缅语与其他藏缅语族语言比较,能够发现:彝缅语祈使语气助词的单功能性更为凸显;彝缅语各语言的祈使语气助词处于不同的发展阶段;同其他藏缅语一样,彝缅语祈使语气助词经历了从无到有、从繁到简的过程,是彝缅语由形态型向分析型转变的反映.
Typological Characteristics of Imperative Particles in Yi-Burman Languages
In terms of meaning function,the imperative particles in Yi-Burman languages can be divided into two types:single function and multi-function.Multifunctional imperative particles are more common in languages of the Burmese branch,but some functions such as person,number and direction are declining.In terms of etymology,some of the imperative particles in Yi-Burman languages have homologous relationship.Comparing Yi-Burman languages with other Tibeto-Burman languages,it is found that the single function of the imperative modal particle in the former is more prominent.Like other Tibeto-Burman languages,the imperative particles of Yi-Burman languages has experienced a process which start from scratch,develop from complexity to simplicity.

imperative ParticlesYi-Burman languagesTibetan-Burman languages

吕羿蒙、高卿云

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中央民族大学中国少数民族语言文学学院,北京 100081

中国社会科学院大学文学院,北京 102488

祈使语气助词 彝缅语 藏缅语

2024

红河学院学报
红河学院

红河学院学报

影响因子:0.174
ISSN:1008-9128
年,卷(期):2024.22(5)