Polyfunctionality and Grammaticalization Paths of the Reflexive Pronoun noη31 in the Central Dialect of Miao
noŋ31 in the Central Dialect of Miao has the meanings of both"each"and"self".It highlights the general reference function of"each"when combined with a group of multiple subjects,and the reflexive function of"self"when combined with an individual subject.As a typical reflexive pronoun,noŋ31 has two functions:anaphora and intensification.Its modal functions mainly include the intensification of affirmation,reversal,and surprise;its discourse functions mainly include the intensification of the causal,conditional,and adversative relationships between the preceding and the following clauses.From a diachronic perspective,the grammaticalization of noŋ31 is reflected in its development from a pronoun meaning"each"to a reflexive meaning"self"and from an anaphora of intra-sentential components to that of extra-sentential components,as well as in its intensification of the ideational function to that of the modal function and further on to that of the discourse function.
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