Liki(The Book of Rites)is a comprehensive work of Confucian rituals and a key document embodying traditional Chinese culture and national ethical thought.As a classic for persuasion and ceremonial norms,the use of negative words is one of its notable features.From the perspective of"translation quality assessment models"and"prototype-model"theories,James Legge's translation of the diverse negative words in The Book of Rites reveals distinct"visibility and invisibility"characteristics.He accurately grasped their pronunciation,meaning,and collocations,employing methods like"literal translation first","expressing positives through negatives",and"explicit translation"for faithful and coherent conversion.However,his translation occasionally misjudged the degree of negation or failed to fully convey emotional nuances triggered by negation,resulting in rare"distortions"due to a"cultural vacuum".Nonetheless,such issues did not undermine the overall excellence of his translations.
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