首页|夏季典型天气下公园绿地小气候环境及对人体舒适度的影响

夏季典型天气下公园绿地小气候环境及对人体舒适度的影响

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为探讨公园绿地夏季典型天气下(晴天、多云和雨后)小气候及人体舒适度情况,选择海淀公园8处游憩地为监测点进行分析.结果表明,公园绿地能有效降低空气温度,增加湿度,减小风速,改善人体舒适度.夏季不同天气对人体舒适度的影响达显著水平,晴天和多云时绿地内舒适时间达4~7 h,比对照延长1~4 h;雨后人体舒适时间达5~11 h.不同游憩点降温率、增湿率和减风率差异明显,3种天气人体综合舒适度指数降幅最明显的游憩点是旱柳-槐树林,为5.0%~5.4%,草坪最低,仅为0.4%~1.5%.晴天、多云和雨后日均降温分别为0.5~2.6、0.7~2.7和0.6~2.0 ℃;增湿率分别为2.2%~10%、2.6%~10.25%和1.1%~4.3%;风速分别降低16.7%~66.7%、16.7%~66.7%和22.2%~55.6%.典型天气下06:00-09:00适合晨练等户外活动,晴天和多云时10:00后人体会感到不舒适,雨后居民可在17:00以后到园内各游憩点进行户外活动.
Public Park Green Belt Micrometeorology and Its Impact on Human Comfort Under Typical Summer Weather
To explore green land micrometeorology in public parks under typical summer weather (sunny, cloudy, and after raining) and its impact on human comfort, monitoring posts were set up at 8 selected typical recreation places in the Beijing Haidian Park.Results show that the park green belts significantly reduced air temperature, increased relative humidity, decreased wind speed, and improved human comfort.Weather is an important factor affecting significantly human comfort.Body comfort on green land lasted for 4-7 hours under a sunny or cloudy sky, 1-4 hours longer than on CK (lands other than green belt);and for 5-11 hours after raining.The impacts of green lands on temperature, humidity and wind varied significantly with the type of green land.Willow-locust forests were the most remarkable in reducing the integrated human comfort index of the three types of weather by 5.0%-5.4%;and lawns the least by only 0.4%-1.5%.The three types of weather, sunny, cloudy and after-raining reduced the temperature by 0.5-2.6, 0.7-2.7 and 0.6-2.0 ℃;increased the humidity by 2.2%-10%, 2.6%-10.25% and 1.1%-4.3%;and decreased wind speed by 16.7%-66.7%, 16.7%-66.7% and 22.2%-55.6%, respectively.So, under typical summer weather, 06:00-09:00 am is the most favorable time period for people to do outdoor activities;in sunny or cloudy days, people would feel uncomfortable after 10:00 am;and after raining people may have outdoor exercises or activities in these recreational spots after 17:00.

park green belttypical weathersummermicrometeorologyhuman comfort

杜万光、王成、包红光、王茜、杨华、周波

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中国林业科学研究院,北京 100093

国家林业局城市森林研究中心,北京 100093

北京市公园管理中心,北京 100043

北京园林科学研究院,北京 100102

北京市海淀区园林局,北京 100089

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公园绿地 典型天气 夏季 小气候环境 人体舒适度

国家林业公益性行业科研专项国家林业公益性行业科研专项

201304301-05201404301

2017

生态与农村环境学报
环境保护总局南京环境科学研究所

生态与农村环境学报

CSTPCDCSCDCHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:1.248
ISSN:1673-4831
年,卷(期):2017.33(4)
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