Distribution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Vanadium and Chromium in Soil-fishpond-river System around Vanadium Titanium Magnet Smelting Slag Field
To investigate the impact of V and Cr from smelting slag on the surrounding environment,samples of soil,sedi-ment,pond bottom mud,pond water and river water were collected.The concentration and occurrence form of V and Cr were analyzed,and their pollution status and ecological risk of V and Cr were evaluated by using enrichment factor meth-od,geological accumulation index method and potential ecological risk index method.The study reveals that the mean con-centrations of V and Cr in the soil of the study area were 2.6 and 4.0 times of the background value in Sichuan Province,with slight and moderate degrees of enrichment.Additionally,the mean concentrations of V and Cr in the sediment were 5.0 and 3.2 times of those in the control sediment,while the mean concentrations of V and Cr in the pond bottom mud were 5.5 and 1.4 times of those in the control,respectively.The degree of V and Cr enrichment was moderate and slight.The water samples exhibited V pollution,and the average concentration of V in fishpond and Baguan River water being roughly 17.6 and 1.8 times of that of Jinsha River water samples,respectively.In the study area,V and Cr primarily exist in the residual fraction in the soil,accounting for 57.1％and 89.4％,respectively.The residual fraction of V and Cr in the sediment and pond bottom mud accounts for 20.1％and 74.9％,respectively.The bioavailability and mobility of V in each environmental medium of the study area is much higher than that of Cr.Combined with the analysis of the geochemical properties of V and Cr,V and Cr in the environmental medium of the study area may exist mainly in the form of V5+and Cr3+.The pollution evaluation results indicate that the contamination levels of V and Cr in the soil were slight and moder-ate,whereas both V and Cr in sediment showed slight and moderate contamination.Consequently,both V and Cr pose a slight risk to the ecosystem.Therefore,it is imperative to remediate the contaminated soil and sediment promptly to safe-guard the ecosystem and public health in the study area.
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