永定河门头沟段河道生态需水特征研究
Study on the Characteristics of Ecological Water Demand of the Yongding River in Mentougou
孙明珠 1张振明1
作者信息
- 1. 北京林业大学生态与自然保护学院,北京 100083
- 折叠
摘要
为提高永定河门头沟段的整体生态健康状况,保障河道生态需水量,应对气候变化和人类活动对河流生态系统的影响,研究分析了该区的水文气象要素演变特征及河道生态需水的时间序列动态.根据永定河门头沟段的生态保护目标,采用环境功能设定法整合计算了包括生态基流、水生生物需水、输沙需水、自净需水和水面蒸发需水 5 项河道生态需水量.并通过定量分析气候变化和人类活动对径流的影响来确定河道生态需水的影响因素.结果显示,1980-2020 年研究区域年平均气温呈显著上升趋势,年降水量有所增加但并不显著;1980-2020年区域河道生态需水量呈显著减少趋势,其中水生生物需水量最大.人类活动是影响区域生态需水量的最主要因素,其通过影响径流量进而影响河道生态需水量.研究结果可为未来永定河门头沟段的水量调配、水资源管理、河道生态需水量预测提供理论参考.
Abstract
In order to enhance the ecological health of the Yongding River in Mentougou District,to guarantee the ecologi-cal water demand of the river,and to address the impacts of climate change and human activities on the river ecosystem,the current study analyzed the characteristics of the evolution of hydro-meteorological elements and the time series dynamics of the ecological water demand of the river.In accordance with the ecological protection objectives of the Yong-ding River in Mentougou District,five river ecological water demand components,namely ecological base flow,aquatic life water demand,sediment transport water demand,self-purification water demand and water surface evaporation,were inte-grated and calculated using the environmental function setting method.Furthermore,the factors affecting the river ecologi-cal water demand were determined by quantitatively analyzing the impacts of climate change and human activities on runoff.The results indicated that the average annual temperature in the study area exhibited a significant upward trend from 1980 to 2020,while the annual precipitation exhibited a slight increase but not to a statistically significant degree.The ecological water demand of the river in the region demonstrated a downward trend from 1980 to 2020,with the aquatic wa-ter demand representing the largest component.It can be concluded that human activities represent the most significant fac-tor influencing the ecological water demand in the region,which in turn affects the runoff volume and subsequently the eco-logical water demand of the river.The findings of this study may serve as a theoretical foundation for future water alloca-tion,water resource management,and the prediction of the ecological water demand of the Yongding River in Mentougou District.
关键词
永定河门头沟段/河道生态需水/趋势分析/变化特征Key words
the Yongding River in Mentougou District/ecological water demand in the river channel/trend analysis/variation characteristics引用本文复制引用
基金项目
门头沟区永定河水生态健康评估服务项目(2022HXFWBH-ZZM-02)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据