生态功能分区是生态系统管理的重要环节，基于生态系统服务簇进行生态功能分区对维持生态系统的可持续性具有重要意义。以青藏高原生态屏障区为例，采用生态系统服务和权衡的综合评估模型(Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs，InVEST)、修正通用土壤流失方程模型(Revised Universal Soil Loss E-quation，RUSLE)和卡内基-阿梅斯-斯坦福模型(Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach，CASA)评估产水量、土壤保持、固碳和生境质量，在县域尺度上基于主导的生态系统服务类型将研究区划分3个生态系统服务多功能区(生态调节多功能区E1、生态供给多功能区E2和生态支持多功能区E3)，并分析了生态系统服务多功能区的时空变化及影响因素。结果表明:(1)与2000年相比，2015年青藏高原生态屏障区产水量和土壤保持减弱，固碳和生境质量提高;(2)青藏高原生态系统服务多功能区时空变化主要是E1和E3之间的相互转化;(3)降水是影响青藏高原生态系统服务多功能区空间格局形成的最主要因素，人口密度是增幅最明显的因素。社会经济因素和自然因素的共同作用加强了多功能区的相互转化。该研究结果可为青藏高原土地多功能属性的管理和国土空间整体功能的提升提供价值参考。
Spatio-temporal Changes of Ecosystem Service Multi-functional Areas and Their Influencing Factors:A Case Study of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Ecological Shelter
Ecological functional zoning(EFZ)is a crucial component of ecosystem management and the implementation of EFZ based on ecosystem service bundles plays an important role in ensuring the sustainability of ecosystems.This study employed InVEST,RUSLE and CASA models to evaluate water yield(WY),soil conservation(SC),net primary produc-tivity(NPP)and habitat quality(HQ)in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ecological shelter(QPES).At the county scale,three multi-functional zones of ecosystem services(ESs)were defined on the dominant ES types in the research area:the ecological regulating multi-functional zone(E1),ecological supply multi-functional zone(E2)and ecological supporting multi-functional zone(E3).Then,the spatio-temporal changes and influencing factors for these multi-functional ESs zones were analyzed.The findings indicate that:(1)Compared with 2000,WY and SC decreased,and NPP and HQ increased in 2015.(2)The spatio-temporal changes in the QPES multi-functional ES zones primarily involved conversions between E1 and E3.(3)Precipitation emerged as the most significant factor influencing the spatial pattern formation of multi-func-tional areas in the QPES,while population density exerted the most pronounced impact on growth.The interplay between socio-economic and natural factors strengthened the inter-conversion of multi-functional areas.These results offer valuable insights for effectively managing the multi-functional attributes of land in the QPES and enhancing the overall functionality of its land space.
ecosystem service multifunctional areasspatio-temporal changesinfluencing factorsQinghai-Tibet Plateauecological shelter
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