摘要
为避免因化肥的过度使用而造成的蔬菜质量降低、化肥利用率下降等现象,探索用有机肥合理替代化肥,并选用最适宜的有机肥品种,研究有机肥配施化肥后对西蓝花产量、品质以及土壤理化特性的影响.试验在施用无机肥的基础上设置5种不同有机肥处理(鸭粪、猪粪、牛粪、草炭、玉米秸秆).结果表明,5种有机肥对西蓝花的株高和根重都有较大影响,都能使西蓝花的产量增加.有机肥对西蓝花维生素C、可溶性糖、氨基酸和硝酸盐含量都有一定影响.施用有机肥对土壤的理化性质影响较大,土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量均比实验前有所增加.减量施用化肥的基础上,增施有机肥,是增加西蓝花产量、改善品质以及提升土壤肥力的有效途径.
Abstract
In order to avoid the phenomenon of decreasing vegetable quality and fertilizer utilization rate caused by excessive use of chemical fertilizer,the author explored the rational use of organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer,and selected the most suitable organic fertilizer varieties,and studied the effects of organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer on the yield,quality and soil physicochemical properties of broccoli.On the basis of applying inorganic fertilizer,5 different organic fertilizers were set up in the experiment(duck manure,pig manure,cow manure,grass charcoal,corn straw).The results showed that the five kinds of organic fertilizers had great effects on plant height and root weight,and all of them could increase the yield of broccoli.The contents of vitamin C,soluble sugar,amino acid and nitrate were affected by organic fertilizer.The application of organic fertilizer had a great effect on the physical and chemical properties of soil,and the contents of organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in soil were increased compared with those before the experiment.The results showed that increasing the application of organic fertilizer on the basis of reducing the amount of chemical fertilizer was an effective way to increase the yield,improve the quality and improve the soil fertility.
基金项目
黑龙江省教育厅基本科研业务费基础研究项目(2020-KYYWF-0272)
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据