首页|深水网箱网衣清洗装备关键部件设计及试验

深水网箱网衣清洗装备关键部件设计及试验

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针对我国深远海大型网箱养殖网衣清洗装备缺乏的难题,基于高压射流空化原理,研制了一种双体深水网箱网衣清洗装备.采用数学建模及物理试验方法,建立了清洗装备关键部件的水动力特性分析方程,开展清洗装备水下清洗试验,探究了不同工况下的喷嘴孔径、喷嘴与转盘夹角(喷嘴轴线与分流转盘盘面所呈角度)、靶距对清洗装备污损生物清洁率的影响.结果表明:网衣挂板污损生物去除率受靶距、喷嘴孔径、喷嘴和转盘夹角等多因素影响,试验参数范围内网衣清洗装备污损生物去除率为30.26％～72.55％;试验范围内喷嘴孔径为1.0 mm,喷嘴与转盘夹角为60°,靶距为0 cm时网衣挂板污损生物去除率最大,靶距对网衣挂板污损生物去除率的影响最为显著.贝类污损生物在清洗装备空化射流冲击作用下主要以壳体破碎形式脱落,网面主要残留物为具有较强吸附力的软质足丝盘.研究结果进一步优化了水下清洗装备系统的参数配置,为网衣清洗装备的设计提供了理论支撑.
Design and experimental research on key components of net cleaning equipment for deep-water cage
In order to solve the problem of lack of cleaning equipment for large-scale net cage aquaculture in China,we desinged a net cleaning equipment for deep-water cage aquaculture based on the principle of high-pressure jet cavitation.Then we established the hydrodynamic characteristic analysis equation of key components of cleaning equipment by using mathema-tical modeling and physical experimental methods.Besides,we conducted underwater cleaning experiments to investigate the ef-fects of nozzle diameter,nozzle to rotating discs angle(Angle between nozzle axis and diversion rotary disc surface),and target distance on the biological removal rate of cleaning equipment under different working conditions.The results show that the bio-logical removal rate of fouling on the net hanging board was influenced by multiple factors such as target distance,nozzle dia-meter and nozzle to rotating discs angle.Within the experimental parameter range,the biological removal rate of fouling on the net cleaning equipment was 30.26％-72.55％.Within the range of test parameters,when the nozzle diameter was 1.0 mm,the nozzle to rotating discs angle was 60°,and the target distance was 0 cm.The removal rate of fouling organisms on the net hanging boards was the highest.The effect of target distance on the removal rate of biofouling on the net hanging boards was the most significant.Under the impact of cavitation jet from net cleaning equipment,shellfish fouling organisms mainly fell off in the form of shell fragmentation.With the main residue being soft shellfish silk discs with strong adsorption capacity.The results optimize the parameter configuration of underwater cleaning equipment,providing theoretical support for the design of net cleaning equipment for cage aquaculture.

Cage aquacultureNet cleaningCleaning rotating discBiofouling

袁太平、廖宇琦、黄小华、胡昱、陶启友、李根、庞国良

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中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所热带水产研究开发中心/三亚热带水产研究院,海南三亚 572000

中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所/农业农村部外海渔业可持续利用重点实验室/广东省网箱工程技术研究中心,广东广州 510300

上海海洋大学,上海 201306

深水网箱 网衣清洗 清洗转盘 污损生物

海南省科技专项海南省科技专项海南省科技计划重大项目中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项中国水产科学研究院项目中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项中国水产科学研究院项目广州市科技计划

ZDYF2021XDNY305ZDYF2023XDNY066ZDKJ20210132023XT06012023TD97202201010066

2024

10.12131/20230214

南方水产科学
中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所

南方水产科学

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1.591
ISSN：2095-0780
年,卷(期)：2024.20(1)
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