摘要
汤不拉洞穴遗址位于云南省临沧市沧源佤族自治县勐董镇龙乃村,属澜沧江三级支流勐董河流域.2018年11月云南沧源崖画及相关遗址考古工作项目调查时发现该遗址,次月复查后对其进行了试掘.地表扰乱层采集和试掘共发现石器183件,全部为打制石器,包括单面器、砍砸器、石核、石片、石片工具、手锤-研磨器等.其中,单面器为和平文化的典型工具类型——苏门答腊式石器.原料的岩性种类较多,花岗岩、玄武岩、片麻岩、石英等较常见.该洞穴为典型的和平文化遗址,是沧源境内发现和报道的第三处和平文化遗址.由于遗址地层被近现代人类活动破坏严重,没有获得可靠的绝对年代数据,但根据其石制品的技术-文化属性并与周边及东南亚同时期石制品对比可知,其年代范围大致为晚更新世末期至全新世早期.
Abstract
The Tangbula cave site is located in Longnai Village,Mengdong Town,Cangyuan Wa Autonomous County,Lincang Prefecture,Yunnan Province,in the basin of the Mengdong River,a tertiary tributary of the Lancang-Mekong River.The site was discovered in November 2018 during the survey of the"Canyuan Rock Paintings and Related Sites Archaeological Work Project"in Yunnan Province,and test excavations were carried out at the cave after revisiting the site in the following month.A total of 183 lithic artefacts were recovered from the site's surface and test excavation,all of which were chipped stone tools,including uniface,chopper-chopping tool,core,flake,flake tool,and hand hammer-grinder.Of these,the unifaces are Sumatraliths,typical of the Hoabinhian technocomplex in Southeast Asia.The raw materials are of a wide variety of lithologies,with granite,basalt,gneiss and quartz being most common.The cave is a typical Hoabinhian site and is the third Hoabinhian site to be discovered and reported in Cangyuan.As the stratigraphy of the site had been severely disturbed by modern human activity,no reliable absolute dating data has been obtained,but based on the technical-cultural attributes of its stone artefacts and comparisons with those of the same period in Southeast Asia,it can be dated to around the final Late Pleistocene to Early Holocene.
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