The South China region has the most widely distributed cave sites,with a long duration of occupation.Based on the geographical environment,the cave distribution area in South China can be divided into the eastern hilly lowlands and the western plateau mountainous areas.Although both regions generally belong to the same climate zone,there are significant differences in the natural climate and environment of the smaller subregions.These differences have led to the emergence of prehistoric cultures that are closely related yet distinctly different.By systematically sorting out and comparatively analyzing the cultural sequences and characteristics of early cave sites in South China,we can gain a deeper understanding and recognition of the cultural differences between the two regions and the reasons for their formation.