In this paper,the core functions of clay molds are taken as the main line,and the existing research results of scientific and technological archaeology of unearthed molds are sorted out in detail and classified.It is found that clay molds has two functions in understanding the casting process of ancient Chinese bronze.On the one hand,the existence of molds helps discovering the casting process of ancient Chinese bronze and assists provenance study of bronze.On the other hand,the function of bronze casting includes providing suitable cavity for casting bronze and suitable thermal property parameters for solidification of bronze alloy.Based on modern material science and solidification theory,the study on the thermal physical parameters of clay mold will help to understand the ancient casting process of China from the micro level.