摘要
乳腺癌(BC)是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其发病率和死亡率在全球大多数国家女性肿瘤中排名第一.BC患者的高死亡率与骨、肺、脑和肝等远端器官的复发和转移有关.目前已知乳腺癌发生脑转移的有关信号通路有PI3K/Akt/mTOR 通路、Wnt/β-catenin 通路、RAS/ERK 通路、EGFR 通路、STAT3 通路、NF-κB 通路、ROS/NF-κB 通路及 PDGFB/PDGFR-β通路.此外,有关研究发现外泌体、非编码RNA以及代谢成分等物质可通过破坏血脑屏障、协助建立脑转移微环境来参与乳腺癌的脑转移.本文对乳腺癌脑转移的可能分子机制和信号通路进行综述,旨在为乳腺癌脑转移的精准靶向治疗提供新思路.
Abstract
Breast cancer(BC)is one of the most common malignancies and has the highest mortality rate among female pa-tients.The high mortality rate in BC patients is associated with recurrence and metastases to distal organs such as bone,lung,brain and liver.The signaling pathways involved in the development of brain metastases of breast cancer are known to be the PI3K/Akt/mTOR,Wnt/β-catenin,RAS/ERK,EGFR,STAT3,ROS/NF-κB and PDGFB/PDGFR-β pathways.In addition,it has been found that exosomes,non-coding RNAs and metabolic components can be involved in the brain metastasis of breast cancer by disrupting the blood-brain barrier and assisting the establishment of the brain metastasis microenvironment.In this paper,we review the signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms associated with brain metastasis in breast cancer,and hope to provide new ideas for the targeted treatment of this disease.
基金项目
广州市基础研究与应用基础研究项目(2060206)
维普
万方数据