Research progress of pathogenic spirochete adhesins
The unique extraordinary abilities to invade,colonize,disseminate,and persist in the hosts of pathogenic spirochetes are closely related with their surface adhesins.The main function of spirochetal adhesin is to mediate its attachment to host extracellular matrix components,cell surface receptors,host serum and extracellular fluid components.In addition,important roles of spirochetal adherins in immunity include inducing protective immunity,activating inflammatory responses,and leading to im-mune escape and persistent infection through antigenic variation and resistance to complement.In this paper,we review the research progress of the main adhesins of Treponema pallidum,Leptospira interrogans and Borrelia burgdorferi in pathogenicity and immunity,which will facilitate a deeper insight into the spirochetal pathogenesis and the design of novel anti-spirochete vaccines.
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