Aesthetics of Pre-Qin Dynasty:Its Causes of Creation,Core Thoughts,Basic Structure and Key Features
Aesthetics of the pre-Qin Dynasty came into being during the Spring and Autumn and the Warring States Period,when the light of rationalization cast in,and this in turn brought into being the shi(士,scholars)class.The shi had three qualities of teach-ers',officials'and literati's,which formed such rational thoughts as substance vs.void,relevance,dominant vs.subordinate and totality.In these philosophical perspec-tives,the pre-Qin aesthetics showed four features:the Cosmos in Daoist comprehen-sion,the human nature definded with Confucian concept of ren(仁,benevolence),the politics practiced by the Legalists(法家)and the society in the eyes of Mohist xia(侠,chivalrous swordsmen).These four features led to four distinctive philosophies of aes-thetics.From the aesthetic viewpoint itself,in a historical period when the emperor lost his actual reign,and when feudal lords and officials competed for power and profit with their own strength,the aesthetics'interest in colour,sound and taste became faint and dull due to the lose of its original sacredness,with the enjoyment of pleasure as its dis-tinctive pursuit.Since sacredness still persisted in the writing characters,the aesthetics of this historical period got its two new characteristics.Firstly,though what the aes-thetics pursued was defineted as the enjoyment of pleasure,the total theoretic structure was still there.And secondly,a new aesthetic system was set up,with literature as its exclusive and most essential core.With the social change of the Spring and Autumn and the Warring States Period,the system of spirituality got changing,resulting,together with other philosophical thoughts,in a new one in which human beings were supposed to be immortal and supernatural.
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