One of the basic tasks of ethics researchers is to do ethical defense.Ethical defense is the use of evidence or logical reasoning to prove that an action or decision that has been taken or proposed is right or ethical,and on that basis,to make policy or regulatory and legal recommendations.Due to their similarities to humans and the"high fidelity"concept,more than 100 000 non-human primates are used in biomedical research each year.However,there is a growing consensus that such research is unethical because non-human primates feel pain just as humans do and do not benefit from research.In addition,some studies have shown that the differences between humans and non-human primates significantly outweigh the similarities in various tissues and genetic categories,calling into question the notion of"high fidelity"upheld by some scientists.From an ethical point of view,the reasons for opposing non-human primate experiments are,first,that the risk-benefit ratio and the cost-benefit ratio are not ideal,and that non-human primates are very obviously,seriously and irreversibly harmed;and,second,that non-human primates are close to human beings in terms of their sensory capacities,and have a full moral status and a marginal personality status close to that possessed by human beings,and that it is not in accordance with ethical norms to keep them in captivity in laboratories and to use them in research from which they themselves do not benefit.Overall,humans should gradually replace non-human primates in research with models that are ethical,practically beneficial to science,more practical,reproducible and have favorable risk-benefit and cost-benefit ratios.In the process of gradual replacement,if non-human primates must be used,ethical review and benefit ratio evaluation must be conducted,and the 3R principle must be adhered to.
关键词
非人灵长类动物/伦理审查/"高保真"观念/风险-受益比
Key words
non-human primate/ethics review/"high-fidelity"concept/risk-benefit ratio
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