首页|感性活动的进阶:感受性学习及其发展价值的表达

感性活动的进阶:感受性学习及其发展价值的表达

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作为感性的存在物,人具有感觉与感受的能力,感受性是人的实践特性.充分发挥感性活动对学生发展的丰富价值是推进学习形态变革,发展学生核心素养的本质诉求.感受是人反映现实世界的重要方式,是人的感官、身体、心灵等对现实世界敞开的开放性态度,是对社会、道德和美的吸纳、包容与理解.通过感受人得以获取关于现实世界的体验,并完善认知,丰盈情感,从而不断实现自身的完整发展.感受是感性和理性的统一,感觉构成了感受生成的基础,人的感受性依赖于感性活动的深化.课堂学习必须克服过于强调知识的符号训练和孤立的理性认知、轻视学生感性发展、学习环境封闭、与真实情境和社会生活经验脱离的弊端,重视学生的感受能力培育.基于人的感受性,感受性学习是以感官为通道,以感觉、知觉等感性活动过程为基础,以感知、体验、感悟为基本方式的学习形态,是一种对象性的感性活动和实践活动.感受性学习的内在机制包括以感知觉和表象为基础的感性反映过程、感性向理性的进阶过程、认知和情感的双向互动过程.促进学生的感受性学习,发展学生的感受力,要真正进入学生内在的学习过程创设学习活动,解放学生的感官,基于真实情境丰富学生的体验与表达,在高度关切现实世界中实现知识和观念的活态化,引导学生走向感受性实践.
The Advancement of Sensibility:Perceptual Learning and Its Developmental Value
As a sentient being,man has the ability to perceive and feel,and sensibility is the practical characteristic of man.Giving full play to the rich value of perceptual activities for students'develop-ment is the essential demand for promoting the change of learning forms and developing students'core qualities.Perception serves as a crucial avenue through which individuals engage with the world around them,it is the opening of people's senses,body,mind,cognition,and emotion to the real world,and it is the absorption,tolerance and understanding of society,morality,and beauty.Through perception,people can acquire the experience of the real world,improve cognition and enrich emotion,so as to continuously realize their complete development.Perception integrates emotion and reason,with emotion forming the foundation of perceptual responses,and human sensibility evolving through deepened perceptual engagement.In the classroom,it is essential to overcome the disadvanta-ges of over-emphasizing the symbolic training of knowledge and isolated rational cognition,undervalu-ing students'perceptual development,closing the learning environment and being divorced from the real situation and social life experience,and to attach importance to the cultivation of students'sensory ability.Based on human perception,perceptual learning is a learning form that utilizes the senses as channels,is grounded in sensory processes such as sensation and perception,and employs perception,experience,and insight as fundamental modes.It is an object-oriented form of sensory and practical activity.The internal mechanism of perceptual learning includes processes such as perceptual reflec-tion based on perception and imagery,progression from perception to rationality,and the bidirectional interaction between cognition and emotion.To promote students'perceptual learning and develop their sensibility,it is necessary to truly enter their inner learning processes and create learning activities that liberate their senses.This involves enriching students'experiences and expressions based on real situa-tions,activating knowledge and ideas within the context of the real world,and guiding them towards experiential practices with a high degree of concern for reality.

sensation and sensitivitysensibility and rationalityperceptual learningdeep teaching

郭元祥、马晓华

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华中师范大学教育学院(武汉430079)

感受与感受性 感性与理性 感受性学习 深度教学

教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地华东师范大学课程与教学研究所重大项目(2022)

22JJD880026

2024

南京师大学报(社会科学版)
南京师范大学

南京师大学报(社会科学版)

CSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.769
ISSN:1001-4608
年,卷(期):2024.(2)