The Cognitive Path of"Abdication-Worship of Ghosts and Gods-Belief in the Mandate of Heaven"and the Value Production of Pre-Qin Political Ideals
"Heavenly principles and popular feelings"is a common term for public opinion in society.From the perspective of social governance,"heavenly principles"primarily refer to the legitimacy and moral foundation of authority,which constitutes political ideals;"popular feelings"mainly reflect the ruler's methods of governance and the concept of governance itself,known as the governed way.The concept of"heavenly principles"took shape during the Song and Ming periods,but its precursor,the"view of tianming(mandate of heaven)",already dominated public opinion in the Pre-Qin era.The implementation of the Pre-Qin political ideals through the"view of tianming"was a historical develop-ment,representing the evolution and consolidation of primitive natural law in public opinion.The cognitive path of Pre-Qin political ideals follows the progression from"abdication-worship of ghosts and gods-belief in the mandate of heaven",beginning with the abdication system recognized through collective psychology,embodying"majority opinion",and concluding with the abstract,perfected"view of tianming".This eventually established a solid foundation for Pre-Qin kingship.The mature"view of tianming"embodies a set of specific values,which were spiritual products created by the"king-witch-scholar"alliance.The king,witch,and scholar were the opinion leaders of the Pre-Qin period.The mainstream values crafted by their alliance,carefully packaged and disseminated,ulti-mately became a steadfast belief in mass ideology.
Pre-Qin public opinionpolitical ideals of kingshipview of tianmingopinion leadersvalue production alliance
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