The group of female scholars in the Qing Dynasty expanded constantly,and female scholars appeared frequently.Through the investigation of the three Qing female annotators of Lie Nv Zhuan,namely,Wang Zhaoyuan,Liang Duan,and Xiao Daoguan,and following the three clues of marital relationship,inter-temporal female friendship,and childbirth and illness,it is found that the support of husbands is the first condition for female scholars to start their academic path,and that inter-temporal female friendship among female scholars can inspire and strengthen each other's beliefs in creativity,as well as the"assistance"for women's sustained scholarly research.In con-trast,the illness and uncertainty brought by childbearing after marriage limited women's academic potential and was the main and irresistible source of"hindrance"for them.
female scholars of Qing DynastyLie Nv ZhuanWang ZhaoyuanLiang DuanXiao Daoguan