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基于视觉识别对靶喷雾机器人设计与试验

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针对传统大面积无差别喷洒农药会对环境造成污染、易产生农药残留危害健康的问题,设计了一种基于视觉识别对靶喷雾机器人,解决大豆田常规施药除草造成的农药浪费问题.通过树莓派、CMOS相机搭配舵机实现采集处理图像,并将其搭载至橡胶轮式移动平台实现对靶喷雾机器人的设计.对靶喷雾机器人采用侧向施药方式,利用VP110-015 喷嘴搭配 12V水泵实现精准喷施,经验证,视觉摄像头在距离目标 1.1m处采集320×240 图片(.jpg格式)符合处理需求,延时导通继电器阻值为10 000 Ω可满足精准喷施要求,除草机器人单次喷雾量为0.002 L,单次喷雾覆盖三维空间0.004 m3.当前进速度为0.10 m/s时,识别率达到90%以上,使用视觉识别系统精准判断施药对象,对靶喷施稗草可以减少73.34%的药液施用量.研究结果对减少农药使用量,提高对靶率,实现农业可持续发展具有重要意义.
Design and Test of Target Spraying Robot Based on Visual Recognition
In order to solve the problem that the traditional large-scale indiscriminate spraying of pesticides will cause pollution to the environment and easily produce pesticide residues and endanger health,this paper designed a target spraying robot based on visual recognition to solve the problem of pesticide waste caused by conventional pesticide appli-cation.The Raspberry Pi,CMOS camera and servo are used to collect and process images,and they are equipped on the rubber wheeled mobile platform to realize the design of the target spraying robot.The target spraying robot adopts the lat-eral application method,using the VP110-015 nozzle with the 12V water pump to achieve precise spraying,and the verification distance of 1.1m to collect 320×240 pictures(.jpg format)meets the processing requirements,and the de-lay relay resistance value of 100 Ω can meet the requirements of precise spraying,the single spraying volume of the wee-ding robot is 0.002 L,and the single spraying covers the three-dimensional space of 0.004 m3.When the current ad-vance speed is0.10 m/s,the recognition rate reaches more than90%,and the application rate of liquid medicine can be reduced by 73.34%by using visual recognition and target spraying.The results of this study are of great significance for reducing the use of pesticides,improving the target rate,and realizing the sustainable development of agriculture.

target spray robotvisual recognitiontarget sprayRaspberry Pi

樊雪南、胡军、刘昶希、石航

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黑龙江八一农垦大学 工程学院,黑龙江 大庆 163319

北大荒通用航空有限公司,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150028

黑龙江省保护性耕作工程技术研究中心,黑龙江 大庆 163319

对靶喷雾机器人 视觉识别 对靶喷雾 树莓派

2025

农机使用与维修
农业部农机维修研究所

农机使用与维修

影响因子:0.105
ISSN:1002-2538
年,卷(期):2025.(1)