摘要
植物源抑菌剂是以天然植物为原料,通过物理或化学的方法进行提取和分离,从而得到一种或多种具有抑菌作用的生物活性物质.植物源抑菌剂来源于自然,也易于在自然中降解,具有毒性弱、耐药性小、安全性高等优点.自然界具有抑菌作用的植物至少2000种,其抑菌有效成分主要包括生物碱、挥发油、黄酮类和有机酸等.本文分析总结了常见植物源抑菌剂的提取方法,探究了植物提取物中抑菌活性物质的种类及抑菌机理.植物源抑菌剂已在果蔬保鲜领域得到广泛应用,未来在日化行业、农业等领域的应用有待进一步探索研究.
Abstract
Plant-derived antibacterial agents are extracted and separated from natural plants through physical or chemical methods to obtain one or several bioactive substances with antibacterial effects.They come from nature,and are easily degraded in nature,with the advantages of weak toxicity,low drug resistance,and high safety.Re-search has shown that there are at least 2000 kinds of plants with antibacterial effects in nature,and their antibacte-rial active ingredients mainly include alkaloids,volatile oils,flavonoids,organic acids,et al.In this acticle,the extraction methods of common plant-derived antibacterial agents are analyzed and summarized,the types and anti-bacterial mechanisms of antibacterial active substances in plant are also explored.Plant-derived antibacterial agents are widely used in the fruits and vegetable preservation,the future application in daily chemicals,agriculture,and other fields will be further research.
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