The Literary Map and Social Representation in Mark Twain's Letters from Hawaii
The metaphorical literary map composed of words is essentially a form of social representation.It oper-ates through mechanisms of anchoring and concretization,serving the discourse of power under the guise of constructed"authenticity",and contributing to the production of spatial order.By analyzing the literary maps depicted by Mark Twain in his early writings when travelling,such as Mark Twain's Letters from Hawaii,we can peel away this"authen-ticity"veneer and reveal how literary maps,as social representations,contribute to the construction of the Other,national identity,and state space.Moreover,this analysis uncovers how Twain's literary map of Hawaii laid the discursive foun-dation for the eventual American occupation and annexation of the Hawaiian Islands.
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