In response to the new developments in capitalist societies following World War Ⅱ,and in defense of Marxist class theory,Nicos Poulantzas undertook a"reshaping"of Marx's concept of class.He distinguished between productive and non-productive labor to differentiate the working class from the new petty bourgeoisie,expanding the cri-teria for class division from the sphere of production to the political and ideological realms.Although Poulantzas's"re-shaping"diverges from some of Marx's classic assertions and has faced criticism from analytical Marxists such as Erik Wright,his attempt to advance Marxist class theory within a new historical context to revitalize its inherent vitality is nonetheless commendable.
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