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澳大利亚洞穴岩画的保护

Preserving Australia's Cave Art

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制定澳大利亚洞穴岩画国家管理计划的一个关键原因在于54个已知洞穴岩画遗址分布于多个不同语言群体的传统领地上,这些遗址既有私人土地、公共土地,也有松树种植园,且分布在不同州,管理体系不同;复杂的管理结构不利于洞穴岩画的统一保护.虽然已根据现行管理措施对一些遗址进行了保护管理,但大部分遗址尚未得到妥善管理.鉴于所有遗址均面临相同的保护挑战,亟需一个统一而有效的保护机制.本文详尽列出了实现该目标的关键因素,并指出所有遗址均不适宜发展旅游业.人类参观活动是洞穴内岩画保护的最大威胁.建议可以考虑制作洞穴岩画复制品,法国和西班牙的实践经验均证实了这一方式是成功的.本管理计划建议成立一个负责所有澳大利亚洞穴岩画遗址的永久性保护的机构.
A key reason for the need for a national management plan for Australian cave art is that the fifty-four known sites occur on the traditional lands of several different language groups;and they are found on private land,public land and land dedicated to the production of pine trees,but under different management systems and in different states.This complex mosaic of management structures is not conducive to the uniform preservation of cave art.A few sites are already subject to existing management practices,but most are not.Since all face the same preservation issues,they need to be subjected to uniform effective protection and conservation regimes.The key variables for this to be achieved are listed and elucidated,and it is noted that not one of the sites is suitable for tourism.Human visitation of the caves is considered the greatest threat to the conservation of rock art found in them.However,it is rec-ommended to consider the establishment of cave art facsimiles,which have proved extraordi-narily successful in France and Spain.The management plan proposed here recommends thecreation of an entity responsible for the perpetual preservation of all Australian cave art sites.

Cave ArtPreserving Rock ArtAustralia rock Art

Robert G.Bednarik、张嘉馨、王荟

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国际岩画联合会(IFRAO) 维多利亚州澳大利亚3162

中国社会科学院民族学与人类学研究所 北京 100081

集美大学 福建厦门 361021

洞穴岩画 岩画保护 澳大利亚岩画

教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目

22JZD032

2024

内蒙古艺术学院学报
内蒙古大学艺术学院

内蒙古艺术学院学报

CHSSCD
影响因子:0.188
ISSN:2096-5621
年,卷(期):2024.21(2)