The Study of the Impact of Biodiversity on Ecosystem Stability
Factors such as climate change,environmental pollution,invasive alien species,and intensive resource utilization have accelerated species extinction rates,leading to a sharp decline in biodiversity.This loss has far-reaching effects on ecosystem functions,services,and stability.In agricultural ecosystems,biodiversity reduction directly impacts key functions such as soil fertility,pest and disease control,and pollination services,thereby reducing agricultural productivity and sustainability.These changes pose threats to both national and regional food security,biological safety,and ecological security.It systematically analyzes the mechanisms by which biodiversity influences these aspects and outlines future research directions.The findings demonstrate that biodiversity enhances not only agricultural ecosystem productivity and multifunctionality but also ecosystem stability and resilience to disturbances.Moving forward,research should focus on:quantifying the contributions of biodiversity to ecosystem multifunctionality;improving the evaluation,trade-off analysis,and optimization of agricultural ecosystem services;and developing management strategies that balance production efficiency with ecological sustainability.
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