氮肥对宽幅增密燕麦氮平衡指数、光合特性及产量的影响
Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on nitrogen balance index,photosynthetic characteristics and yield of wide-range densely planted oats
韩雪 1王英 1赵鑫瑶 1李晓婷 2张艳丽 1杨金虎 1周洋 1李嘉琪 1李立军1
作者信息
- 1. 内蒙古农业大学农学院,内蒙古呼和浩特 010019
- 2. 山西农业大学草业学院,山西太谷 030801
- 折叠
摘要
[目的]明确内蒙古阴山南麓地区宽幅增密燕麦高产的最佳施氮模式.[方法]采用双因素试验设计:设 5 个施氮水平(N1:35 kg/hm2、N2:70 kg/hm2、N3:105 kg/hm2、N4:140 kg/hm2、N5:175 kg/hm2)和 2个追氮时期(T1:分蘖期、T2:孕穗期),分析不同施氮水平和追氮时期对各生育期燕麦氮平衡指数(NBI)、光合特性及产量的影响.[结果]生育中后期,燕麦净光合速率和NBI值均随着施氮量的增加呈现出先升高后降低的趋势;灌浆期,以T2 处理N4 施氮水平光合能力最好,但与N3施氮水平相比无显著差异(P>0.05).同等施氮量下,T2处理燕麦生育中后期的叶片净光合速率和NBI值较T1处理分别提高 1.40%～11.97%和 9.82%～23.26%,均以N3 施氮水平增幅最大.与T1 处理相比,T2 处理燕麦产量构成因素协同提高,籽粒产量提高了 3.99%～9.10%,其中N4 施氮水平籽粒产量最高为 3 901.13 kg/hm2,但与N3 相比无显著差异(P>0.05).相关性分析表明,抽穗期和灌浆期,燕麦叶绿素指数(Chl)和NBI值与产量呈极显著正相关关系,且灌浆期相关系数更高.[结论]内蒙古阴山南麓地区宽幅增密种植模式下燕麦生产的适宜施氮量为105～140 kg/hm2,最佳追氮时期为孕穗期.
Abstract
[Objective]To identify the optimal nitrogen fertilization mode to maximize the yield of wide-range densely planted oats in the southern foothills of Yinshan Mountains in Inner Mongolia.[Methods]A two-factor experimental design was employed with five nitrogen levels(N1:35 kg/hm2,N2:70 kg/hm2,N3:105 kg/hm2,N4:140 kg/hm2,N5:175 kg/hm2)and two topdressing stages(T1:tillering stage,T2:booting stage).The impact of different nitrogen application levels and topdressing stages on nitrogen balance index(NBI),photosynthetic characteristics and yield of oats at each growing stages were analyzed.[Results]During the middle and late growth stages,both the net photosynthetic rate and NBI of oats increased first and then decreased with rising nitrogen levels.At grain-filling stage,N4 nitrogen level in the T2 treatment had best photosynthetic efficiency,but no significant difference(P>0.05)with N3 nitrogen level.At the same nitrogen level,compared with T1 treatment,T2 treatment enhanced the net photosynthetic rate and NBI of middle and late growth period stages oats by 1.40%-11.97%and 9.82%-23.26%,respectively,with N3 nitrogen level having the most significant increasing.In comparison with T1 treatment,oat yield components of T2 treatment had synergistic improvement,with grain yield increased by 3.99%-9.10%.The grain yield of N4 nitrogen level was highest at 3 901.13 kg/hm2.However the difference with N3 nitrogen level was not significant(P>0.05).Correlation analysis revealed that chlorophyll index(Chl)and NBI of oat had extremely significant positive correlations with yield during the heading and grain-filling stage,with grain filling stage having a higher correlation coefficient.[Conclusion]The optimal nitrogen application rate for wide-range densely planted oats in the southern foothills of Yinshan Mountains in Inner Mongolia was 105-140 kg/hm2.Booting stage was the most effective timing for nitrogen application.
关键词
氮肥/燕麦/氮平衡指数/光合特性/产量Key words
Nitrogen fertilizer/Oat/Nitrogen balance index/Photosynthetic properties/Yield引用本文复制引用
基金项目
内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2021ZD0002)
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1500904-3)
内蒙古自治区2024年度"草原英才"工程专项()
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据