The effects of mixed sowing of hairy vetch and oat on crop yield,soil enzyme activity and microbial communities
[Objective]To investigate the effects of different mixed sowing proportions of hairy vetch and oat on crop yield,soil enzyme activity and microbial communities in the agricultural dry-crop areas at the northern foothills of the Yinshan Mountains in Inner Mongolia.[Methods]Using hairy vetch and oat as experimental objects,six treatments were set up,namely,single sowing of hairy vetch(DB1),single sowing of oat(DB2),80%hairy vetch+20%oat(HB1),60%hairy vetch+40%oat(HB2),40%hairy vetch+60%oat(HB3),and 20%hairy vetch+80%oat(HB3).Soil samples were collected from the 0-20 and 20-40 cm soil layers in the early,middle,and late stages of growth,respectively.The effects on crop yield,soil enzyme activity and microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen content were analyzed,and changes in soil microbial community diversity and structure were analyzed by using high-throughput sequencing technology.[Results]HB1,HB2,HB3 treatments were 1%-11%higher than DB1 treatment for the relative grain yield of hairy vetch,and 3%-25%higher than DB2 treatment for the relative grain yield of oat.During the mid growth stage in the 0-20 cm soil layer,compared with DB1 and DB2 treatments,HB2 treatment soil catalase activity significantly increased by 9.65%and 11.55%(P<0.05),respectively,and sucrase activity significantly increased by 11.47%and 15.44%(P<0.05),HB1 treatment increased urease activity by 8.07%and 19.41%(P<0.05),respectively;HB2 treatment had the highest microbial biomass carbon content,while HB1 treatment had the highest microbial biomass nitrogen content,at 95.79 and 21.02 mg/kg,respectively.Compared with the DB2 treatment,the HB2 treatment soil bacterial OTU index was significantly increased by 15.79%(P<0.05),the Shannon index increased by 5.41%;Compared with DB1 treatment,HB2 treatment increased fungal OTU index by 33.58%(P<0.05),Shannon index increased by 36.50%,and Chao1 index increased by 6.56%.At the phylum level,HB2 treatment increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria,Chloroflexi,and Mortierellomycota,while decreasing the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota,Acidobacteriota,Ascomycota,and Basidiomycota.[Conclusion]The mixed sowing treatment of 60%hairy vetch+40%oat is a suitable proportion for agricultural dry-crop areas in the northern foothills of Yinshan Mountains,Inner Mongolia.Under this treatment,crop grain yield is the highest,soil enzyme activity and microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen content are higher,and soil bacterial and fungal diversity,richness,and relative abundance of beneficial bacterial phyla are all increased.
Hairy vetchOatMixed sowingCrop yieldSoil enzyme activityMicrobial community
万方数据
维普
