The effects of nitrogen fertilizer replacement on soil water and nitrogen use efficiency and yield of potato fields
[Objective]To explore the effects of different fertilizers replacing partical chemical nitrogen fertilizers on soil water and nitrogen use efficiency,as well as potato growth,development,and yield,and to reveal the mechanism of soil moisture retention and yield increase of different fertilizers replacing partical chemical nitrogen fertilizers in potato fields in the agricultural pastoral transitional zone of northern foothills of Yinshan Mountains in Inner Mongolia.[Methods]The local dominant potato variety Huasong No.7 grown in the agricultural pastoral transitional zone of northern foothills of Yinshan Mountains in Inner Mongolia was used as the test material.In 2022 and 2023,under the condition of balanced application of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers,a total of seven nitrogen application types were set up,including zero nitrogen fertilizer(CK),traditional nitrogen fertilizer level(NPK),80%of traditional nitrogen fertilizer level(RN),80%of traditional nitrogen fertilizer level+20%of water-soluble fertilizer(RN+WF),80%of traditional nitrogen fertilizer level+20%of decomposed sheep manure(RN+SM),80%of traditional nitrogen fertilizer level+20%of bio-organic fertilizer(RN+BM),80%of traditional nitrogen fertilizer level+20%of control-released urea(RN+RUN).Analyzed the impacts of replacing partial chemical nitrogen fertilizer with different fertilizers on the vertical distribution of soil moisture in 0-80 cm soil layer as well as potato growth and development,yield and water and nitrogen use efficiency.[Results]In 2022 and 2023,lower soil moisture in 0-80 cm soil layer was observed in the different fertilizers replacing partical chemical nitrogen fertilizers treatments compared with that of CK.RN+SM treatment had the highest soil water consumption of potato fields in the whole growth period,which was 5.14%and 6.59%higher than that of CK,respectively.RN+SM treatment had the highest dry matter accumulation per plant of potato in the whole growth period,which was increased by 19.70%and 18.93%compared with CK,respectively.The potato yields of different fertilizers replacing partical chemical nitrogen fertilizers treatments were significantly elevated compared with CK(P<0.05),and the yield increase ranged from 3.40%to 23.73%,and the most obvious increase in RN+SM treatment.The water use efficiency and partical-factor productivity of nitrogen fertilizer of potatoes treated with different fertilizers replacing partical chemical nitrogen fertilizers were highest in RN+SM treatment,with water use efficiency increased by 17.68%and 44.71%compared to CK,and partical-factor productivity of nitrogen fertilizer increased by 36.78%and 42.38%compared to NPK.[Conclusion]The 80%of traditional nitrogen fertilizer level+20%of decomposed sheep manure can increase the dry matter accumulation per plant of potato,improve potato yield,soil water and nitrogen use efficiency,it is an ideal fertilization model for potato planting in the agricultural pastoral transitional zone of northern foothills of Yinshan Mountains in Inner Mongolia.
Nitrogen fertilizer replacementPotatoesWater and nitrogen use efficiencyYieldOrganic fertilizer
万方数据
维普
