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气候变化下的南丹县农业气候资源分析

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文章分析了1970-2022年南丹县的农业气候资源,重点研究光资源、热量资源和水资源的时空分布特征及其变化趋势.结果表明:南丹县年平均日照时数为1 257.3 h,年日照百分率为28.7%,生长季(4-10月)的日照时数占全年的70.6%,有利于农作物的光合作用和有机物积累.尽管年日照时数呈增加趋势,但南丹县的日照时间仍低于全国和广西的平均水平,光资源较为紧缺.年平均气温为17.3℃,无霜期为317.4 d,稳定通过10℃的活动积温为5 851.7℃·d,均呈显著增加趋势.多年平均降水量为1 469.7 mm,空间降水的极端性增加,作物生长期(4-9 月)的降水量占全年的80.3%.夏季和冬季降水量呈增加趋势,而春季和秋季降水量对全年降水量增加没有贡献.提出调整农业结构、发展设施农业、合理开发和利用水资源等应对策略,以提升农业生产的效率和质量,增强农业生态系统的适应能力和抗灾能力,保障粮食生产安全,推动农业现代化发展.
Analysis of Agricultural Climate Resources in Nandan County under Climate Change Secular
The agricultural climate resources in Nandan County from 1970 to 2022 was analyzed,focusing on the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and variation trends of light resources,heat resources,and water resources.The results showed that the annual average sunshine duration in Nandan County was 1 257.3 h,with an annual sunshine percentage of 28.7%.The sunshine duration during the growing season(April to October)accounted for 70.6%of the annual sunshine duration,which was beneficial for photosynthesis and organic matter accumulation in crops.Although the annual sunshine duration in Nandan showed an increasing trend,it was still lower than the national and Guangxi provincial averages,indicating a relative scarcity of light resource.The annual average temperature was 17.3 ℃,with 317.4 frost-free days,and the active accumulated temperature above 10℃ was 5 851.7℃·d,all showing significant increasing trends.The multi-year average precipitation was 1 469.7 mm,and the spatial distribution of precipitation was becoming increasingly extreme.The precipitation during the crop growing season(April to September)accounted for 80.3%of the annual precipitation.Precipitation in summer and winter showed an increasing trend,while precipitation in spring and autumn did not contribute to the annual increase.In response to these changes,strategies such as adjusting the agricultural structure,developing facility agriculture,and rationally developing and utilizing water resources were proposed to improve the efficiency and quality of agricultural production,enhance the adaptability and resilience of the agricultural ecosystem,ensure food production safety,and promote the modernization of agriculture.

Agricultural climate resourcesLight resourcesHeat resourcesWater resourcesAgricultural structure optimization

安春兴、张恩宁、刘芳

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河池市气象局,广西 河池 547000

南丹县气象局,广西 南丹 547200

农业气候资源 光资源 热量资源 水资源 农业结构调整

2024

内蒙古气象
内蒙古气象局 内蒙古气象气象学会

内蒙古气象

影响因子:0.206
ISSN:1005-8656
年,卷(期):2024.(6)