Effects of Biological Crust on Spatial Differentiation of Soil Physicochemical Properties in Sandy Ecosystems
Biological soil crusts are widely distributed in arid and semi-arid areas,which are important parts of desert ecosystems and maintains the stability and health of regional ecosystems.The physicochemical properties were measured for the soil crusts and soil under it in the Kubuqi Desert in the research.The measurement results from the scale of horizontal pattern of crust type showed that there was significantly different for the percentage of soil clay and silt in different types of soil crust,with moss crust＞algal crust＞physical crust;there was significantly different for soil bulk density,with moss crust＜algal crust＜physical crust;there was significantly different for the soil water content,with moss crust＞algal crust＞physical crust;the moss crust significantly reduced the soil pH value,and the soil organic carbon(SOC),total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),and total(TK),available nitrogen(AN),available phosphorus(AP)and available potassium(AK)were significantly larger than those of algal crust and physical crust.The measurement results from the scale of vertical pattern of the same crust type showed that the percentage of soil clay and silt in the moss crust and algal crust gradually decreased with the increase of soil depth,and the physical crust did not change significantly;the soil bulk density of moss crust and algal crust increased with the increase of soil depth;the water content of moss crust decreased with the increase of soil depth,and the water content of algal crust and physical crust increased with the increase of soil depth;the content of SOC,TN,TP,TK and AN,AP,AK of moss crust and algal crust decreased significantly with the increase of soil depth,and those of the physical crust did not change significantly.The research revealed that the physical and chemical properties of soil were significantly improved by the crusting action in this area,especially for the surface of the soil,and the improving effect of moss crusts was generally stronger than that of algal crusts,indicating that soil fertility and other indicators was greatly improved through biological crusts in this area and the desertification situation in the area would be effectively solved.
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