首页|数据犯罪刑法规制的体系检视与路径构建

数据犯罪刑法规制的体系检视与路径构建

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数据要素成为中国社会数字经济中的关键要素,但刑法中数据犯罪的规制逻辑仍然囿于"计算机犯罪+其他信息犯罪"的传统架构,未能完成以"数据安全"为核心法益的评价体系的转变,导致数据犯罪呈现法益识别困难、体系布局混乱、调整范围受限等多重困局.因此,有必要在前置法铺设的框架下,补足相对独立的数据安全视角,重塑数据犯罪刑事规制路径;贯彻数据分类分级的顶层思维,横向形成以部门专项保护为主、主体权益配置为辅的分类机制;纵向贯通以数据重要性、危害性为综合衡量要素的分级策略,围绕数据生命周期打造义务矩阵,明确数据处理者在非法数据留存、数据跨境、数据滥用、数据造假等情形下的刑事责任.
System Review and Path Construction of Criminal Law for Data Crimes
At a time when data elements have become a key part of Chinese social and economic transformation,the regulatory logic of data crimes in penal law is still limited to the traditional frame-work,computer crimes+other information crimes,failing to complete the transformation of the evalu-ation system with date security as the core legal interest,resulting in multiple difficulties such as ambig-uous legal interests,disordered layout,and limited scope of adjustment.It is necessary to supplement the relatively independent perspective of date security and reshape the path of criminal regulation of data crimes,that is,to implement the top-level thinking of categorized and hierarchical protection system,form a classification mechanism based on departmental special protection and supplemented by the allo-cation of subjects'rights and interests,and vertically carry out a classification strategy that takes data importance and harm as comprehensive measurement elements.Build an obligation matrix around the full life cycle of data,and clarify the criminal responsibility of data processors in cases of illegal data re-tention,illegal data exit,data abuse,and data fraud.

Data CrimesData SecurityCategorized and Hierarchical ProtectionFull Life Cycle of Data

李怀胜、华钦卿

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中国政法大学 刑事司法学院,北京 100088

北京市公共资源交易中心法律事务部,北京 100088

数据犯罪 数据安全 分类分级保护 数据生命周期

2025

内蒙古社会科学
内蒙古自治区社会科学院

内蒙古社会科学

北大核心
影响因子:0.667
ISSN:1003-5281
年,卷(期):2025.46(1)