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学科实践的感性活动基础与育人价值实现

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感性关涉人对外部世界的反映以及人的活动和存在方式,它既指感性认识,也指人的主观感受能力,更指实践的感性活动.人的完整性在于其实践性,形成于实践的感性活动,实践体现了感性的核心要义.学科实践是感性学习活动与理性学习活动的深度融合,它在本质上是以学科为载体、面向感性的现实世界、运用学科知识解决真实问题的实践活动.学科实践具有深刻的感性活动基础:其一,学科实践是认识性实践与改造性实践的统一;其二,作为学科实践主体的学生是具有感性意识和感性需要的感性存在;其三,学科实践是学生以外部世界和自我为对象的感性活动.深化实践育人,要求回应学科实践的感性活动基础.由感性直观到感性实践,确立学科实践的感性表达;超越知识符号,促进学生面向现实世界的学习;发展思维,实现感性认识向理性认识的转化;设计多样化的学科或跨学科的感性活动,丰富学生的主体经验.
The Foundation of Sensuous Activity in Discipline Practice and the Realization of Educational Value
Sensibility is related to people's reflection of the external world and their activities and modes of existence.It refers not only to the sensory experience but also to people's subjective feeling a-bility and the sensuous activities in practice.Human integrity lies in its practicability,which is formed in the perceptual activity of practice,and practice embodies the core meaning of sensibility.As an activi-ty to cultivate people,education should focus on students'perceptual development and practical needs,and promote students'learning based on rich and profound perceptual activities.Discipline practice is the deep integration of perceptual learning activities and rational learning activities.In essence,it is a practi-cal activity that uses discipline knowledge to solve real problems and faces the perceptual real world with discipline as the carrier.Discipline practice has a profound basis of perceptual activities.Firstly,disci-pline practice is the unity of cognitive practice and transformational practice;secondly,as the subject of discipline practice,students are perceptual beings with perceptual consciousness and perceptual needs.Thirdly,discipline practice is the perceptual activity of students taking the external world and self as the object.Deepening practice education requires responding to the perceptual activity basis of discipline practice.From perceptual intuition to perceptual practice,the perceptual expression of discipline prac-tice is established.Go beyond knowledge symbols to promote students'learning for the real world;de-velop thinking and realize the transformation from perceptual knowledge to rational knowledge;design diverse disciplinary or interdisciplinary perceptual activities that enrich the student's subjective experi-ence.

Discipline PracticeSensuous ActivitySensibility and RationalityTeaching Reforma-tion

郭元祥、马晓华

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华中师范大学 教育学院,湖北 武汉 430079

学科实践 感性活动 感性与理性 教学改革

2025

内蒙古社会科学
内蒙古自治区社会科学院

内蒙古社会科学

北大核心
影响因子:0.667
ISSN:1003-5281
年,卷(期):2025.46(1)