THE SURGICAL TREATMENT MEANS AND CURATIVE EFFECT OF MENTAL RETARDATION ACCOMPANIED BY MENTAL DISORDERS
Mental retardation(MR)patients often exhibit intellectual disability and difficulties in adapting to social life.They may also have other symptoms such as mental disorders,behavioral disorders,and emotional disorders.MR also accounts for a significant proportion of mental illnesses,both in urban and rural areas in our country,making it a key disease in terms of prevention and treatment.The onset of mental retardation occurs at an early age,with symptoms often persisting throughout life.It is primarily caused by genetic and environmental factors,and patients may have various physical and neurological diseases,along with symptoms such as abnormal behavior and poor social adaptability.MR can be classified into four levels(mild,moder-ate,severe,and profound)based on IQ scores and severity.Common assessment tools include the Infant-Child Social Life Abili-ty Scale,Gesell Development Scale,Trauma Screening Questionnaire,Intellectual Disability Children's Learning Ability As-sessment,and Brief Manchester Quality of Life Assessment.Currently used surgical treatment options include stereotactic abla-tion,deep brain stimulation,corpus callosotomy,bilateral anterior capsulotomy,amygdalohippocampectomy,and mesenchymal stem cell transplantation.This article will provide an overview of the treatment principles,mechanisms,and current efficacy of these surgical approaches.
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