This paper takes the main bearing cap of diesel engine as the research object,the single matching method and operation flow of the main bearing cap of a high-speed and high-power diesel engine are discussed in detail,and also points out the disadvantages about this technology in actual production.In order to solve the a-bove technical problems,the comparative measurement method is introduced.By applying the comparative meas-urement technology to the single matching machining process of the main bearing cap,the comparative measure-ment device is designed and manufactured,and operation method of the device is described.Through compari-son,it is found that the practical application of the measurement technology has greatly optimized the machining process of the main bearing cap of high-power and high-speed diesel engine and doubled the single matching ma-chining efficiency of the main bearing cap,meanwhile the machining quality has also improved.