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哈特穆特·罗萨与马克思诊断"社会加速"的路径差异

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人类历史进入近现代以来,以商品生产为根本特征的扩大再生产成为生产的主要形式,带来了社会加速这一崭新的历史景观,它在推动人类文明进步的同时也导致了一系列社会矛盾和挑战.新一代法兰克福学派批判理论家哈特穆特·罗萨以"时间结构"作为其社会研究的方法路径,明确把晚期现代社会诊断为"加速社会",指出社会加速体现为"技术、社会变化和生活节奏"的加速,并由此带来了"空间异化"、"物界异化"、"行动异化"、"时间异化"和"自我异化与社会异化"等新的异化危机,进而试图通过重建主体与世界之间关系的"共鸣"道路来摆脱异化的困境.这一探讨尽管启发了我们对于人的生存、技术治理和社会建设等重大课题的进一步思考,但无论是其诊断路径还是解决方案,都存在着抽象性和理想化的理论局限.事实上,马克思运用历史唯物主义对资本主义社会的加速现象进行了科学分析,指出社会加速及其困境根本上源自"价值增殖"这一资本逻辑的推动,因此只有消灭资本主义私有制才能真正克服社会加速带来的异化困境.深入考察哈特穆特·罗萨与马克思诊断"社会加速"的两种理论路径,对于我们化解加速社会存在的一系列矛盾具有重要的理论意义和实践价值.
The Difference between Hartmut Rosa and Marx's Paths to Diagnosing"Social Acceleration"
Since the advent of the modern era,the progressive reproduction with commodity production as the fundamental fea-ture has become the dominant form of production,giving rise to a novel historical landscape of social acceleration,which has led to a series of social contradictions and challenges while simultaneously promoting the progress of human civilization.Hart-mut Rosa,a critical theorist of the new generation of Frankfurt School,using"time structure"as his methodological approach to social research,explicitly diagnosed the late modern society as an"Accelerated Society",pointing out that social accelera-tion is embodied in the acceleration of"technology,social change and the pace of life".This brings about new crises of alien-ation such as"spatial alienation","object alienation","action alienation","time alienation"and"self-alienation and social alienation",and then attempts to overcome above alienation crises by rebuilding the"resonance"road of the relationship be-tween the man and the world.While this exploration has inspired further thinking on major issues such as human existence,technological governance and social construction,both its diagnostic paths and solutions have theoretical limitations of abstrac-tion and idealization.Actually,Marx used the method of historical materialism to scientifically explore the acceleration phenom-enon of capitalist society,pointing out that social acceleration and its crises are fundamentally driven by the capital logic of"value proliferation".Therefore,the only way to truly overcome the alienation dilemma brought by social acceleration is to eliminate capitalist private ownership.An in-depth research of the two theoretical paths of Hartmut Rosa and Marx in diagnos-ing"social acceleration"is of great theoretical significance and practical value for us to resolve a series of social contradictions in accelerated society.

social accelerationtime structurecapital critical logic

李成旺、孔柳淋

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清华大学 马克思主义学院,北京 100084

社会加速 时间结构 资本逻辑批判

清华大学自主科研计划文科专项项目

2023THZ-WJC09

2024

宁夏社会科学
宁夏社会科学院

宁夏社会科学

CSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.37
ISSN:1002-0292
年,卷(期):2024.(3)