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剩余污泥腐植酸的提取和对作物幼苗建成的影响

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为解决IHSS(国际腐植酸协会)推荐法提取剩余污泥腐植酸参数不明确和剩余污泥腐植酸提取研究中缺乏其毒性效应评价等问题，利用响应曲面法得到剩余污泥腐植酸提取的最佳条件，并分析了腐植酸理化特性及其对作物幼苗建成的影响。结果表明，腐植酸提取的最佳条件:碱浓度为0。19 mol·L-1，碱泥比(mL∶g)为11。6，振荡时间为3。8 h，提取量为96。1 mg·g-1。相较于推荐法的腐植酸提取量增加了118%。提取所得腐植酸的元素分析显示，O/C为0。84，H/C为0。14，C/N为4。43;傅里叶变换红外光谱和凝胶渗透色谱分析显示，剩余污泥腐植酸存在羧基、醇羟基和酚羟基等含氧官能团，重均分子量为8856 Da。此外，在500 mg·L-1施用条件下，该腐植酸对大白菜和萝卜种子发芽率和子叶光合色素含量均无显著影响，而对大白菜种子胚根伸长具有显著促进作用。综上，通过优化提取条件可显著提高腐植酸提取量，剩余污泥腐植酸腐殖化程度与芳香化程度均较高，分子量较小，生物活性较强，且低浓度下对作物早期生长无不良影响。
Extraction of humic acid from excess sludge and its effects on crop seedling establishment
The aim of our study is to solve the problems of unclear parameters of the humic acid extracted from excess sludge using the International Humic Substances Society(IHSS)recommended method and lack of evaluation of the toxic effects of the humic acid.The optimum conditions for the extraction of humic acid from excess sludge were obtained using the response surface methodology,and the physicochemical properties of the humic acid and its effect on crop seedling establishment were analyzed.Results showed that the optimum conditions for humic acid extraction were as follows:alkali concentration of 0.19 mol·L-1,alkali sludge ratio(mL∶g)of 11.6,shaking time of 3.8 h,and extraction amount of 96.1 mg·g-1.Compared with the IHSS recommended method,the amount of the humic acid extracted by this method increased by 118%.Elemental analysis of humic acid showed that the O/C ratio was 0.84,the H/C ratio was 0.14,and the C/N ratio was 4.43.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography analyses showed that there were oxygen-containing functional groups such as carboxyl,alcohol hydroxyl,and phenolic hydroxyl groups,and the weight-average molecular weight was 8856 Da.In addition,the application of humic acid at 500 mg·L-1 did not significantly affected the germination rate and the photosynthetic pigment content of cotyledons of Chinese cabbage and radish seeds,but significantly affected radicle elongation in Chinese cabbage seeds.The extraction amount of humic acid can be significantly increased by optimizing the extraction conditions.Humic acid has high degrees of humification and aromatization,small molecular weight,strong biological activity,and no adverse effect on early growth stage of crops at low concentrations.

excess sludge humic acidextraction conditionseedling establishmentseed germinationcotyledon photosynthetic pigment

乔升、闫敏、蒙秋霞、张家星、罗渊、杨治平

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山西农业大学资源环境学院,太原 030031

土壤环境与养分资源山西省重点实验室,太原 030031

剩余污泥腐植酸 提取条件 幼苗建成 种子发芽 子叶光合色素

山西省科技重大专项计划揭榜挂帅项目山西省"1331工程"项目山西农业大学校企合作项目山西农业大学校企合作项目

202201140601028-620211331-152023HX0042023HX006

2024

10.11654/jaes.2023-0855

农业环境科学学报
农业部环境保护科研监测所 中国农业生态环境保护协会

农业环境科学学报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1.52
ISSN：1672-2043
年,卷(期)：2024.43(2)
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