Effects of fertilization on photosynthetic characteristics,yield and quality in winter wheat under different shading periods
Solar radiation is one of the important factors for crop production.Decreasing solar radiation is not conducive to the growth and yield formation of wheat.Currently,it is unclear whether fertilization can alleviate adverse effects of decreasing solar radiation on wheat production.A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of fertilization on photosynthetic characteristics,yield and quality in winter wheat under shading with different growth stages.The orthogonal design with three factors and three levels was adopted in the experiment.Shading was set at three levels,i.e.,no shading(S0,shading rate 0%),shading with flowering-maturity period(S1,average shading rate 68%),and shading with tiller-maturity period(S2,average shading rate 68%).NPK compound fertilizer was set at three supply rates,i.e.,100(F1),200(F2),and 300 kg·hm-2(F3);The silicate fertilizer(SiO2)as steel slag was also set at three supply rates,i.e.,0(R0),200(R1),and 400 kg·hm-2(R2).Results showed that:S1 increased net photosynthetic rate(Pn)in flag leaves at winter wheat flowering-filling stage.S1 and S2 decreased stomatal conductance(Gs)at grain flowering stage,and decreased transpiration rate(Tr)during the filling period,but increased intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci).S1 and S2 decreased 1000-grain weight,seed setting rate and yield,as well as rain amylose content and total starch content,but increased grain protein content.F1 and F2 increased Pn,Gs,Tr during flowering and filling stage,respectively;F3 increased 1000-grain weight,seed setting rate,yield,amylose content,and total starch content.Silicate supply increased Pn in flag leaves during the filling period of winter wheat.R1 increased 1000-grain weight,seed setting rate,and yield,but reduced the content of amylose,total starch and protein in grains.This study suggests that shading with the flowering-maturity period increased Pn in the flag leaves of winter wheat,but inhibited the transpiration rate at the grain filling stage and affected yield formation.Supplying compound fertilizer at 300 kg·hm-2 and silicate fertilizer(steel slag)at 200 kg SiO2·hm-2 could promote photosynthesis and transpiration,improve the yield and quality,and alleviate the adverse effects of shading on winter wheat production.
万方数据
维普
