Effects of phosphorus reduction and organic substitution on yield,quality,and soil fertility of open-field pepper
To develop a scheme for reducing chemical fertilizer and improving efficiency in open-field pepper-producing areas,under the backdrop of long-term high nitrogen and phosphorus input in Zhejiang Province,this study investigated the effects of reducing chemical phosphorus fertilizer and replacing it with organic fertilizer on open-field pepper yield,quality,and soil fertility in a field experiment.The experiment utilized"Xiaoxin series"pepper as the primary material,and included five treatments:no fertilizer as control(CK),conventional fertilizer(CF),30%chemical phosphorus fertilizer reduction(OF),30%chemical phosphorus fertilizer reduction + organic fertilizer substitution for 15%nitrogen of chemical fertilizer(OF-15N),and 30%chemical phosphorus fertilizer reduction + organic fertilizer substitution for 30%nitrogen of chemical fertilizer(OF-30N).The results demonstrated that:The yield in OF,OF-15N and OF-30N treatments increased by 3.20%,14.59%,and 12.21%,respectively,compared with the CF treatment,and the benefit after deducting fertilizer cost increased by 3.37%,15.21%,and 12.84%,respectively;The sugar-acid ratio of open-field pepper grown under OF,OF-15N,and OF-30N treatments increased by approximately 0.50-2.28 relative to the CF treatment,leading to improved nutritional quality indices of soluble sugar and sugar-acid ratio,particularly in terms of the increased content of minor and trace elements,including calcium,magnesium,iron,and zinc;Consequently,the open-field pepper yield and quality in OF-15N and OF-30N treatments were apparently higher than in OF treatment;Soil pH value,soil organic matter,and total nitrogen increased to varying degrees in OF,OF-15N,and the OF-30N treatments compared to thee CF treatment,while no significant decrease in soil available phosphorus supply capacity was observed;The soil comprehensive fertility index(IFI)observed in the OF-15N and OF-30N treatments was increased,but it was slightly decreased in the OF,CF,and CK treatments when compared with the pre-experiment treatment.The OF-30N treatment showed greater improvement than OF-15N.In summary,based on a 30%reduction in chemical phosphorus fertilizer,organic fertilizer substitution for 30%nitrogen of chemical fertilizer(OF-30N)treatment has a prominent effect on improving the yield,quality,and soil fertility of open-field pepper.It could be a viable scheme for reducing chemical fertilizer and improving efficiency.
phosphorus fertilizer reductionorganic fertilizer substitutionopen-field pepperyield and qualitysoil fertility
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