Effects of soil cadmium pollution and foliar zinc application on cadmium and zinc concentration in different organs of wheat
To investigate the effects of soil Cd pollution and foliar Zn application on Cd and Zn concentrations in aboveground organs,a pot experiment using three wheat cultivars Ningmai 21,Yangfumai 4,and Zhenmai 12 were conducted.Four treatments with different Cd and Zn combination were prepared:control,soil-applied Cd(5 mg·kg-1),foliar-applied Zn(0.2%ZnSO4),and soil-applied Cd(5 mg·kg-1)+ foliar-applied Zn(0.2%ZnSO4).The objective was to study the interactive effects of Cd and Zn application on the growth,yield,Cd and Zn concentration,accumulation and translocation in different organs of wheat.The results showed that the growth(except SPAD value)and yield traits of different wheat cultivars were not significantly impacted by soil Cd pollution and foliar Zn applications.Averaged across three wheat cultivars,soil Cd pollution significantly increased Cd concentration(17-65 fold)and accumulation(17-64 fold)in the grain,stem,leaf,rachis,and glumes.Foliar Zn application dramatically elevated Zn concentration(>61%)and accumulation(>58%)in all organs of all wheat cultivars.Foliar Zn application did not affect the total aboveground Cd accumulation,but it changed the Cd distribution among different organs of wheat.In Cd-polluted wheat,foliar Zn application significantly reduced Cd concentration in grains by 10%,but significantly increased that in stems,leaves and rachis by 12%-55%.Cd transport coefficients from wheat straw to grains in Cd-polluted plants were significantly reduced(15%-31%)by foliar Zn application,whereas Zn transport coefficients were not significantly affected by Cd treatments.Statistical analysis demonstrated that the effects of Zn and Cd treatments,as well as their interactions on Zn and Cd concentrations,in wheat varied with different wheat cultivars and organs with different degrees in most cases.The results suggested that although 5 mg·kg-1 Cd pollution had no clear impact on wheat yield,the Cd concentration in grains and straws were substantially elevated.Foliar Zn application significantly reduced the Cd concentration in edible organs while increasing it in forage organs for livestocks,with the magnitude of change varying within cultivars.
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