Evaluation and source analysis of heavy metal pollution in cultivated soil of a lead-zinc mining area in Huize County,Yunnan Province,China
In this study,221 sampling points evenly distributed throughout Huize County,Yunnan Province,were examined to investigate the characteristics of heavy metal pollution in the cultivated soil of a typical Chinese lead-zinc mining area and clarify the pollution level and sources.The Cd,Pb,Cr,Cu,and Zn contents in the soil were determined.The local accumulation index(Igeo)and Nemerow Composite Pollution Index were used to evaluate the heavy metal pollution characteristics.The absolute principal component-multiple linear regression model(APCS-MLR)and positive definite matrix factorization receptor model(PMF)were used during correlation analysis to quantitatively assess the heavy metal sources.The results revealed that the contents of Cd,Pb,Cr,Cu,and Zn in the study area generally exceeded the corresponding soil background values for Yunnan Province,with a declining accumulation index trend of Cd>Zn>Pb>Cu>Cr,with Cd displaying severe contamination and heightened accumulation in the soil.In the study area,values obtained for the Nemerow Comprehensive Pollution Index indicated severe contamination in the soil at a level of 4.1,whereas source analysis revealed little difference between the two assessed models.Four sources were identified using APCS-MLR,namely,industrial/traffic(29.5%),agricultural(31.3%),parent material(23.7%),and unknown sources(15.4%),with four similar sources being identified based on PMF,namely,industrial(30.0%),parent material(29.2%),traffic(11.9%),and agricultural(28.9%).In general,the main sources of heavy metals contaminating soil within the study area represent industrial and agricultural activities,with Cd pollution being more severe.Moreover,compared with the APCS-MLR model,the PMF model was established to be more accurate in identifying sources.This type of pollution can be prevented and controlled via measures such as soil remediation and safe utilization.
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