Research and application progress in surfactant-enhanced remediation of hydrophobic organic contaminants in soil
Hydrophobic organic contaminant(HOCs)are widely distributed in soil environments.Due to their limited desorption from soil particles,low mobility and bioavailability,the effectiveness of chemical,biological,and physical remediation techniques on HOCs in soil is often inhibited.Surfactants,known for their solubilization capacity for HOCs,have been employed to enhance the efficiency of other remediation technologies.This review categorizes and summarizes research and applications of surfactant-enhanced techniques in remediating soil HOCs pollution over the past two decades.A comparative analysis of various surfactant-enhanced techniques is presented,highlighting their applicability and limitations.Furthermore,the potential of combined remediation approaches and surfactant foam technology is explored as promising avenues for future research in enhancing soil HOCs remediation with surfactants.