首页|紫花苜蓿种植模式对干热河谷咖啡园土壤质量的影响

紫花苜蓿种植模式对干热河谷咖啡园土壤质量的影响

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  • 国家科技期刊平台
  • NETL
  • NSTL
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为改善干热河谷地区咖啡园脆弱的生态环境，探讨不同的覆盖作物种植模式对咖啡园土壤质量的影响，本研究通过设置紫花苜蓿单播(A1)，紫花苜蓿×光叶紫花苕混播(A2)两个处理，以休闲处理(CK)为对照，分析了覆盖作物盛花期时对土壤酶活、理化性质、细菌群落结构和多样性的影响。结果表明:A1、A2处理都能显著提高咖啡园土壤有机质和氮素含量(P<0。05)，促进土壤pH从弱碱性恢复到中性，更利于咖啡树的生长;与CK相比，A1的土壤脲酶显著提高(P<0。05)，A1、A2、CK的土壤过氧化氢酶活性无显著差异(P>0。05);A1的Sobs指数、Chao1指数显著低于A2、CK处理(P<0。05)，A1、A2的Shannon指数显著低于CK(P<0。05)，与休闲处理相比，单播/混播覆盖作物种植降低了土壤细菌多样性，但紫花苜蓿×光叶紫花苕混播的土壤细菌多样性比紫花苜蓿单播更丰富;酸杆菌门是A1的优势菌门，放线菌门是A2、CK组的优势菌门，酸杆菌门的RB41是3个处理的优势菌属;pH值对土壤细菌种群分布的影响最大;细菌群落的主要功能是碳水化合物代谢和氨基酸代谢。覆盖作物种植可以显著增加干热河谷地区咖啡园土壤营养，调整土壤酸碱度，影响土壤细菌群落结构和功能，土壤改良效果显著，紫花苜蓿和光叶紫花苕混播是干热河谷地区咖啡园覆盖作物种植的较优模式。
Effects of Medicago sativa L.planting patterns on the quality of coffee plantation soil in a dry-hot valley area
The aim of this study was to improve the fragile ecological environment of coffee plantations in a hot and dry valley area and explore the effects of different cover crop planting patterns on the soil quality of coffee plantations.The effects of the soil enzyme activity,physicochemical properties,and bacterial community structure and the diversity of cover crops during the full flowering stage of Medicago sativa L.monoculture(A1)and Medicago sativa L.×Vicia villosa Roth var.mixture(A2).Leisure treatment(CK)was used as a control.The results showed that soil organic matter and nitrogen content in the coffee plantation soil significantly increased(P<0.05),and the soil pH was restored from weakly alkaline to neutral under A1 and A2 treatments,which was more conducive to the growth of coffee trees.The soil urease activity significantly increased(P<0.05)after A1 treatment,but there were no significant differences in soil catalase activities between the A1,A2,and CK treatments(P>0.05).The Sobs index and Chao1 index values were significantly lower after A1 treatment than after A2 and CK treatments(P<0.05).Moreover,the Shannon index values were significantly lower for A1 and A2 than for CK(P<0.05).Compared with the fallow treatment,monoculture/mixed cover crop planting reduced soil bacterial diversity,but the soil bacterial diversity of Medicago sativa L.×Vicia villosa Roth var.mixture planting was richer than that of Medicago sativa L.monoculture.Acidobacterium was the dominant phylum of the A1 group,whereas Actinomycetes was the dominant phylum of the A2 and CK groups.Acidobacterium RB41 was the dominant genus for the three treatments.pH had the greatest effect on the distribution of soil bacterial populations.The main functions of the bacterial community were carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism.Cover crop planting could significantly increase soil nutrition,adjust soil pH,affect the soil bacterial community structure,and function.This soil improvement effect could be significant in coffee plantations in dry-hot valley areas,and Medicago sativa L.×Vicia villosa Roth var.mixture planting was found to be more suitable as a cover crop in coffee plantations in these areas.

legume cover cropdry-hot valleyplanting patterncoffee plantationsoil quality

姚丽、刘倩、王金华、严秋丽、蒋宇柔

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西南林业大学生命科学学院,西南山地森林资源保育与利用教育部重点实验室,昆明 650224

云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所,云南 保山 678000

豆科覆盖作物 干热河谷 种植模式 咖啡园 土壤质量

云南省科技厅科技项目西南林业大学教研课题西南林业大学科研启动基金云南省大学生创新创业训练计划云南省大学生创新创业训练计划云南省大学生创新创业训练计划云南省教育厅科研项目

202101BD070001-019ZD2021011119222021106770282021106770692020106770612021J0176

2024

10.11654/jaes.2023-1068

农业环境科学学报
农业部环境保护科研监测所 中国农业生态环境保护协会

农业环境科学学报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1.52
ISSN：1672-2043
年,卷(期)：2024.43(6)
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