Phosphorus fertilizer utilization and input threshold of potato in high fertility soil
In order to explore input threshold of phosphate fertilizer in farmland,ensure potato yield and reduce the risk of phosphorus nutrients entering water body of basin,a field experiment was carried out to investigate five phosphorus fertilization treatments(P2O5):0,90,135,180,and 225 kg·hm-2,respectively on potato yield,soil available phosphorus accumulation,soil phosphorus balance and phosphorus use efficiency.The results showed that phosphorus application could significantly increase potato yield,and yield increase ranged from 35.3%to 44.7%.The potato yield increased at first and decreased later with increasing of phosphorus application,and the highest yield was 180 kg P2O5·hm-2 treatment,which was 33 020 kg·hm-2.Phosphorus partial productivity and agronomic efficiency decreased with increasing of phosphorus application,and there was no significant difference in phosphorus recovery efficiency.Available phosphorus content and accumulation of 0-60 cm soil increased with increasing of phosphorus application and available phosphorus accumulation of each treatment(0-40 cm)accounts from 78.6%to 88.1%of total accumulation(0-60 cm).When phosphorus surplus was 0,phosphorus application was 137.5 kg·hm-2,potato yield was 32 756 kg·hm-2,available phosphorus content in 0-20,20-40 cm and 40-60 cm soil were 70.5,49.4 mg·kg-1 and 19.7 mg·kg-1,respectively,available phosphorus accumulation in 0-20,20-40 cm and 40-60 cm soil were 150.8,161.9 kg·hm-2 and 64.8 kg·hm-2,respectively,phosphorus partial productivity and agronomic efficiency were 242.1 kg·kg-1 and 72.7 kg·kg-1,respectively,by simulating between phosphorus application,potato yield,soil available phosphorus content,soil available phosphorus accumulation,phosphorus utilization efficiency and phosphorus surplus.In conclusion,phosphorus application ranges from 131 kg·hm-2 to 144 kg·hm-2 can be used as phosphorus fertilizer input threshold for high-yield and environmentally friendly in the area of high phosphorus level farmland in Erhai Lake basin.
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