首页|基于区块链技术的农产品质量安全追溯体系:实践、挑战与建议

基于区块链技术的农产品质量安全追溯体系:实践、挑战与建议

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区块链技术具有去中心化和信息难以篡改的技术特征.基于区块链技术的农产品溯源体系能有效激励农产品供应链各主体采取措施保障农产品质量安全.在加速布局追溯体系建设、优化数字化发展的环境下,中国农产品区块链溯源技术迎来重要发展机遇,涌现了 一些政府主导的创新实践,但总体而言该技术应用仍处于初级阶段.本文系统地梳理了砀山酥梨、潍坊韭菜、西湖龙井茶三个实践案例,研究发现目前农产品区块链溯源技术应用仍面临溯源成本高、产品溢价难预期、利益分配机制不健全等关键挑战.为促进中国农产品区块链溯源体系建立,本文根据国内外实践经验提出以下建议:实施重点环节溯源以降低成本和优化溯源体系;提供公开透明的公众投诉渠道以提升产品溢价;采用闭环式运作且配套严格的质量安全监管制度.
A Blockchain-based Traceability System for Agri-food Products:Practice,Challenges,and Suggestions
Blockchain technology is characterized by decentralization and difficulty in tampering with information.Blockchain-based agri-food traceability technology can effectively incentivize entities in the supply chain to take measures to ensure food safety.China is accelerating the layout of the tracea-bility system and promoting digitalization.It provides opportunities for the application of blockchain-based systems.Although some government-led innovation practices have emerged,the application is still in the early stages.This study systematically reviews the application of blockchain-based agricultural product traceability systems in Dangshan crisp pear,Weifang leek,and West Lake Longjing tea.We find that the application of the technology faces critical challenges such as high traceability cost,uncertain premium,and imperfect distribution mechanism of the added value.Based on domestic and international experiences,we put forward three suggestions to promote the establishment of China's agri-food product blockchain-based traceability system.First,it suggests to identify and trace the critical control points(rather than the whole process)only to reduce system cost.Second,it suggests to provide open and transparent channels for public complaints to gain consumer trust and thus enhance the product pre-mium.Finally,it suggests to develop a market structure that effectively separates low-quality agricultural products from high-quality ones complemented by a strict safety supervision institutions and regulations.

Blockchain technologyTraceability of agricultural productsSupply chainFood safetyPractice

胡雯、黄季焜、陈富桥、饶思航、易红梅

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北京大学现代农学院中国农业政策研究中心,北京,100871

中国农业科学院茶叶研究所,杭州,310008

区块链技术 农产品溯源 供应链 食品安全 实践

国家自然科学基金国家自然科学基金国家自然科学基金国家自然科学基金北京大学现代农业研究院数字技术创新项目亚洲开发银行技术援助项目教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金中国博士后科学基金面上项目

71934003722730037220300372361147522KSTA6993-PRCS19392723YJC7902072021M700225

2024

农业经济问题
中国农业经济学会　中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所

农业经济问题

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子：3.177
ISSN：1000-6389
年,卷(期)：2024.(5)
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