Polarization and Policy Preferences of Climate Politics in the Context of Car-bon Neutrality—Based on an Analysis of European Political Parties
Political parties in the western countries play an important role in shaping and implementing climate policies.Therefore,it is increasingly important to examine the political response of different parties to the issue of climate change and the variation in their climate policy pref-erences.This article thus explores different parties'climate policy stance and explains the variation in their preferences,focusing on the relationship between political parties and cli-mate policy in Europe.It contributes to the emerging research on comparative climate poli-tics and party competition on climate change issues.With a high level of politicization and public concern,the climate change agenda in Europe has demonstrated growing partisan po-larization,which is especially evident in the polarization and divergences between different party families.Compared with the right-wing parties,the left-wing generally pay more at-tention to the climate change issues,committing to international cooperation in climate gov-ernance and energy transition and supporting government-led emission reduction initiatives.On the contrary,the right-wing parties put more emphasis on the role of technology and market in emission reduction,emphasizing that emission reduction should boost economic growth and ensure energy security in energy transition.The right populist parties usually ex-press anti-environmentalism and climate skepticism.This article concludes that political ideology,party competition,national conditions,natural resources and public support help explain the differences and variation in European parties'climate change policy preference.
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