首页|中欧新能源汽车产业争端:现状、原因和前景

中欧新能源汽车产业争端:现状、原因和前景

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近两年来,中欧围绕新能源汽车产业争端愈演愈烈,欧方屡屡指责中方通过补贴等扭曲市场,倾销过剩产能,发起针对自中国进口的电动车反补贴调查.欧盟制造争端是否有事实根据?本文通过对中欧汽车产业尤其是新能源汽车竞争现状的具体分析,探究其背后真正的成因,并就中欧新能源汽车产业未来发展的前景和中国的应对之策提出建议.实证研究表明,中欧新能源汽车之争背后是中国汽车业在新能源汽车领域和欧洲的竞争中,通过"换道超车"的路径选择,在产业链布局、新能源基础设施建设和自主品牌建设等方面领先欧洲同行,在纯电动汽车与动力电池领域取得明显的竞争优势,而非欧盟所谓"市场扭曲".但欧盟出于对其汽车行业在与华竞争中可能败北和就业岗位流失的焦虑和担忧,以中国扭曲市场、倾销过剩产能为理由,期望通过排他性购置补贴、垂直产业政策以及构筑市场壁垒等手段保护本土产业,应对中国新能源汽车产业冲击.展望未来,中欧新能源汽车产业间的竞争难以避免,但合作的空间仍然存在,中国应当灵活运用中欧汽车产业贸易格局,在最大化双方共同利益的前提下,力争通过谈判方式维护中国企业的正当利益,同时积极开拓发展中国家市场.
China-Europe New Energy Vehicle Industry Disputes:Status Quo,Causes and Prospects
Over the past two years,tensions between China and Europe over the new energy vehicle industry have been intensified.This article conducts a detailed analysis of the competition between China and Europe in the automotive industry,especially in the field of new energy vehicles.It seeks to explore the underlying causes for such competition and offers sugges-tions for the future prospects of the China-Europe new energy vehicle industry,as well as recommendations for China's countermeasures.Empirical studies indicate that the primary reason for the bilateral dispute lies in China's competitive edge and strategic advantages in electric vehicles and batteries,which is,in fact,not about distorting the market,as claimed by the EU.Driven by concerns over potential setbacks and job losses in its automo-tive sector amid competition with China,the EU has implemented measures such as exclu-sive purchase subsidies and vertical industrial policies in order to safeguard domestic indus-try and respond to the impact of China's new energy vehicle sector.In the future,competi-tion between China and Europe in the new energy vehicle industry appears inevitable,yet there is still room for cooperation.

丁纯、张铭鑫、孙露

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复旦大学欧洲问题研究中心

复旦大学一带一路及全球治理研究院

复旦大学经济学院世界经济研究所、一带一路及全球治理研究院

新能源汽车产业 动力电池 产业竞争力 中欧竞合

国家社会科学基金重大项目

20VGQ012

2024

欧洲研究
中国社会科学院欧洲研究所

欧洲研究

CSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.634
ISSN:1004-9789
年,卷(期):2024.42(2)