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国内外算法风险研究:框架、特征及展望

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[目的/意义]随着ChatGPT的横空出世,算法应用越来越多地支配着人类的生活,算法黑箱、算法操控、算法共谋、算法偏见、算法歧视等风险也随之而来,这些风险严重影响社会稳定乃至国家安全.对全球算法风险的形势进行研判能够有助于防范与识别算法风险,并为应对全球算法风险治理难题提供中国智慧与构想.[方法/过程]通过系统梳理国内外主要数据库915 条核心文献,构建基于"学科领域—研究主题—治理工具—治理措施"的算法风险研究框架,并分析算法风险具有学科的交叉性、复杂的交织性、突出的人为性、泛化的不确定性等特征.[结果/结论]从加强情报学学科对算法风险研究、加强对人工智能算法可解释性研究、加强算法应用向善和算法服务从善研究、加强对全球算法风险治理中国智慧与构想研究4 个方面对算法风险研究问题进行展望.
Research on Algorithm Risk at Home and Abroad:Framework,Features,and Prospects
[Purpose/significance]With the emergence of ChatGPT,algorithm applications increasingly dominate human life,algorithm black box,algorithm manipulation,algorithm collusion,algorithm bias,algorithm discrimination and other risks also follow,these risks seriously affect social stability and even national security.The research and judgment of the global algorithmic risk situation can help to prevent and identify algorithmic risks,and provide Chinese wisdom and ideas for dealing with the global algorithmic risk governance problems.[Method/process]The article systematically reviews 915 core literature from major domestic and foreign databases,constructs an algorithm risk research framework based on"subject areas research topics governance tools governance measures",and analyzes the interdisciplinary,complex interweaving,prominent anthropomorphism,and generalized uncertainty characteristics of algorithm risk.[Result/conclusion]From five aspects:strengthening the research on algorithmic risks in the field of intelligence science,enhancing the interpretability of artificial intelligence algorithms,strengthening research on algorithmic application and service improvement,and strengthening research on global algorithmic risk management and China's wisdom and vision,this paper looks forward to the challenges of algorithmic risks.

algorithmic riskalgorithm governancealgorithm for goodfeature analysis

马海群、张涛

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黑龙江大学信息资源管理研究中心,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150080

黑龙江大学信息管理学院,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150080

算法风险 算法治理 算法向善 特征分析

2025

情报理论与实践
中国国防科学技术信息学会 中国兵器工业第二一零研究所

情报理论与实践

北大核心
影响因子:1.302
ISSN:1000-7490
年,卷(期):2025.48(1)