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燃料电池汽车加氢口失效机制分析

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随着燃料电池汽车的不断发展,燃料电池汽车加氢口的寿命问题逐渐成为关注焦点.在特定的压力和温度条件下,氢分子可以扩散到金属中,导致材料强度降低和脆化,进而引起加氢口故障,导致氢气泄漏事故.此外,加氢口的使用寿命和连接处松动也可能引起氢气泄漏事故.氢气泄漏可能会导致窒息、冻伤、烧伤和撞击等伤害.典型的氢气泄漏事故包括意外泄漏、点火(或自燃)、爆燃和爆炸,严重影响驾乘人员和车辆的安全.为了加快燃料电池汽车的商业化进程,需要对燃料电池汽车加氢口失效机制进行研究.首先,从车载工况振动、高低温交叉循环、充放循环以及氢脆 4 个方面入手,简要概述了燃料电池汽车加氢口的失效机制;其次,介绍了燃料电池汽车加氢口的失效预防措施;最后,展望燃料电池汽车加氢口的未来技术发展趋势.
Analysis of Failure Mechanism Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle Refueling Receptacle
With the development of fuel cell vehicle,the service life issue of the refueling receptacle of fuel cell vehicle has been gradually became a focus.Under the specific pressure and temperature conditions,hydrogen molecules can diffuse into the metal causing a decrease in material strength and embrittlement,and leading to the refueling receptacle failure and the hydrogen leakage accidents.In addition,the hydrogen leakage accidents may also be caused by the service life of the refueling receptacle and the loose of the connections.The suffocation,frostbite,burns,and impact injuries may be caused by the hydrogen leakage.The accidental leakage,ignition(or spontaneous combustion),detonation,and explosion are included by the typical hydrogen leakage accidents,which seriously affect the safety of drive,personnel and vehicle.In order to accelerate the commercialization process of the fuel cell vehicles,it is necessary to study the failure mechanism of the refueling receptacle of fuel cell vehicle.Firstly,the failure mechanism of the refueling receptacle of fuel cell vehicle was briefly summarized from four aspects of the vibration in the vehicle operating condition,the high and low temperature cross cycle,the charge discharge cycle,and the hydrogen embrittlement.Secondly,the failure prevention measures of the refueling receptacle of fuel cell vehicle were introduced.Finally,the future technological development trend of the refueling receptacle of fuel cell vehicle was prospected.

fuel cell vehiclerefueling receptaclefailure mechanism

赵鑫、杨沄芃、王祥祥、陈向阳

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中国汽车技术研究中心有限公司,天津 300300

中汽研新能源汽车检验中心(天津)有限公司,天津 300300

燃料电池汽车 加氢口 失效机制

国家重点研发计划项目

2021YFB2501500

2024

汽车零部件
中国科学技术信息研究所 中国汽车零部件工业公司

汽车零部件

影响因子:0.121
ISSN:1674-1986
年,卷(期):2024.(6)
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