摘要
目的 了解新型冠状病毒感染疫情(新冠疫情)不同阶段对医学生心理健康状况的影响,为采取相关心理干预措施提供依据.方法 分别于2020年3月16 日—3月22日的新冠病毒感染暴发期及2021年7月19日—7月25日的新冠病毒感染的常态化防控期,通过网络问卷平台发放SCL-90问卷,对医学生的心理健康状况进行调查,并与常模及同期的非医学生进行对比分析.结果 暴发期间医学生的躯体化、强迫、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖及总均分均高于全国常模(t=2.293～12.426,P＜0.05);医学生的焦虑均分显著高于非医学生,非医学生的恐怖均分显著高于医学生,女生的强迫均分高于男生,本科生的恐怖因子均分高于研究生(t=1.992～2.800,P＜0.05).常态化防控期间医学生的抑郁、焦虑及恐怖均分均高于全国常模(t=3.617～4.238,P＜0.05),非医学生的抑郁、恐怖均分及GSI均显著高于医学生(t=2.444～3.003,P＜0.05),本科医学生的躯体化因子分及总均分均高于研究生(t=3.384、3.639,P＜0.05).暴发期间医学生的躯体化、强迫、抑郁、精神病性、其他均分及总均分均显著高于防控期间(t=2.765～7.970,P＜0.05).同时,参与了前后两次调查的508名学生,其疫情暴发期间的躯体化、强迫、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性、其他均分以及总均分,均显著高于常态化防控期间(t=2.634～64.516,P＜0.05).结论 新冠疫情可导致医学生产生焦虑、抑郁及恐惧等不良心理反应,在疫情防控期间应采取积极的应对措施,尽早干预,对医学生的心理健康有积极意义.
Abstract
Objective To investigate the impact of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)epi-demic on the mental health status of medical students at different stages,and to provide a reference for psychological intervention.Methods During the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak period of March 16 to March 22 in 2020 and the regular prevention and control period of July 19 to July 25 in 2021,the Symptom Checklist-90(SCL-90)questionnaire was delivered through the online questionnaire platform to investigate the mental health of medical students for comparisons with the norm and non-medical students at the same time.Results During the outbreak period,the medical students showed significantly higher mean scores of somatization,ob-sessive-compulsion,depression,anxiety,phobic anxiety,and the Global Severity Index(GSI)compared with the national norms(t=2.293-12.426,P＜0.05);the mean anxiety score of the medical students was significantly higher than that of the non-medical students;the mean phobic anxiety score of the non-medical students was significantly higher than that of the medical students;the girls had a significantly higher mean obsessive-compulsion score than the boys;the mean score of phobic anxiety was significantly higher in the undergraduate students than in the graduate students(t=1.992-2.800,P＜0.05).During the regular prevention and control period,the mean scores of depression,anxiety,and phobic anxiety of the medical students were significantly higher com-pared with the national norms(t=3.617-4.238,P＜0.05);the mean scores of depression,phobic anxiety,and GSI of the non-medical students were significantly higher than those of the medical students(t=2.444-3.003,P＜0.05);the mean scores of so-matization and GSI were significantly higher in the undergraduate students than in the graduate students(t=3.384,3.639,P＜0.05).For the medical students,the mean scores of somatization,obsessive-compulsion,depression,psychoticism,additional items,and GSI were significantly higher in the outbreak period than in the regular prevention and control period(t=2.765-7.970,P＜0.05).Among the 508 students who responded to both surveys,the mean scores of somatization,obsessive-compulsion,depression,anxiety,hostility,phobic anxiety,paranoid ideation,psychoticism,additio-nal items,and GSI were significantly higher during the outbreak pe-riod than during the regular prevention and control period(t=2.634-64.516,P＜0.05).Conclusion The SARS-CoV-2 epide-mic can cause anxiety,depression,fear,and other psychological stress in medical students.During the epidemic prevention and control period,active measures should be taken as soon as possible to positively influence the mental health of medical students.
基金项目
青岛大学教学研究与改革项目(2020)(JXG-G2020023)
山东省高等医学教育研究中心科研规划课题(YJK-T2021007)
维普
万方数据