The Gorkhaland movement,which began in the 1980s,exemplifies the complexity of regional nationalism in India,particularly in the culturally diverse and marginalized region of Darjeeling.This movement has gone through two significant phases:the first phase aimed at establish the independent state of"Gorkhaland",emphasizing a shared narrative of land and language,while the second phase shifted to a"tribal"strategy,seeking autonomy through"the Sixth Schedule"of the Indian Constitution.This paper situates the Gorkhaland movement within the broader context of Indian nationalism,analyzing how it leverages its"exceptional"identity to negotiate cultural and political space within the framework of a modern nation-state.The strength of the movement lies not in the alignment of its discourse with everyday practices but in its sustained tension with reality.This study thus reflects on the enduring tensions between local and national,marginal and central,and diversity and unity in postcolonial India,highlighting the movement's unique significance in understanding India's political trajectory and the complexities of nation-building across Asia.
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